最新连词的种类详解

时间：2023-01-04 14:24:59 公共英语我要投稿

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最新连词的种类详解

　　在平时的学习生活中，学英语怎么能不知道连词的种类呢?下面是小编收集整理的相关内容，希望可以帮助到您！

　　最新连词的种类详解篇1

　　累积连接词是把所连接的部分通过累加的方式连接在一起的对等连接词,如:

　　and, as well as, both……and, not only……but also.

　　It seems you and I together can do nothing but shopping.

　　你和我在一起好像除了购物就不能做点别的。

　　Tom and Jim are good friends.

　　汤姆和吉姆是好朋友。

　　and连接作主语的两个专有名词。

　　The movie is both interesting and instructive.

　　这部电影既有趣又有教育意义。

　　both……and 连接两个作主语补语的形容词。

　　Not only the planets but also the sun is in constant motion.

　　不仅是行星而且太阳也在不断地运动。

　　not only……but also连接作主语的两个名词,述语动词的数由but also 后面的主语决定。

　　选择连接词的作用是将若干文法作用相同的部分连接在一起,在其中选择一个,如:

　　or, not……but, either……or, neither……nor, or else.

　　Neither you nor I like going shopping.

　　你不喜欢购物，我也不喜欢。

　　Which do you like, tea or coffee?

　　你想喝什么,茶还是咖啡?

　　or连接两个名词,表示选择其中之一。

　　You or he is mistaken.

　　不是你错了就是他错了。

　　or连接两个代名词作主语,述语动词由or后面的主语决定。

　　What he wants is not money but justice.

　　他所要的不是钱而是公正。

　　Either you or I am right.

　　不是你对就是我对。

　　推理连接词连接两个子句,表示因果、推理的意义,如:

　　accordingly, consequently, hence, so, then, therefore.

　　……Therefore, I should go and buy a new one.

　　……所以我应该去买件新的。

　　I didn't go to school yesterday, so I didn't see my teacher.

　　我昨天没有上学,所以我没有看到我的老师。

　　I was ill yesterday, therefore, I didn't go to school.

　　我昨天病了,所以我没有上学。

　　The company went bankrupt. Consequently, he lost his job.

　　公司破产,因此他失业了。

　　I was in a hurry, hence I only took a piece of sandwich as lunch.

　　我很忙,所以只吃了一块三明治作为午餐。

　　从属连接词是连接从属子句的连接词,可以引导名词子句,形容词子句和副词子句。常见的有:

　　if(是否,如果), when(当……时), as(当……时,因为,正如), since(自从,既然), until(直到), before(在……之前), because(因为), unless(除非), whether(是否), than(比), though(虽然)。

　　I wonder whether (if) this fits me.

　　我想知道这件是不是适合我。

　　whether引导的名词子句作动词的宾语时,在不会引起歧义的情况下可用if代替。

　　I really don't know what you like.

　　我真不知道你喜欢什么。

　　I don't know what you mean.

　　我不知道你的意思。

　　what引导的名词子句作宾语,相当于that which.

　　Do you know who will come soon?

　　你知道谁不久要来?

　　who引导的名词子句作宾语,并在名词子句中作主语。

　　引导形容词子句的关系代名词主要有that, which, who, whom, whose等。

　　The one which has red dots looks better.

　　带红点儿的这件看起来更好。

　　The teacher blamed the boy that (who) broke the window.

　　老师责备了打碎窗户的男孩。

　　He was reading a book that (which) was written by Mark Twain.

　　他在读一本马克吐温写的书。

　　This is the man whose wallet was lost.

　　这就是那个遗失了钱包的人。

　　This is the man whom you want to see.

　　这就是你想见到的那个人。

　　引导副词子句的从属连接词可表示多种意义。

　　表目的的从属连接词有so that, in order that, that, for fear, in case, lest等。

　　I want to leave here so that I don't have to pay for the skirt.

　　我想让她离开这里，这样我就不用为那裙子付钱了。

　　I got up early so that I could catch the train.

　　我起得早为的是能够赶上火车。

　　I got up early lest I should miss the train.

　　我起得早以免误火车。

　　表条件的从属连接词有if, unless, providing, provided, only if等。

　　My girlfriend will leave here if she sees me talking to a girl.

　　如果我的女朋友看见我和女孩儿说话，她就会离开这里的。

　　We will go to the park if it doesn't rain.

　　要是不下雨我们就去公园。

　　We will not go to the park only if it rains.

　　只有下雨我们才不去公园。

　　最新连词的种类详解篇2

　　一，表示并列关系的连词有：

　　and,both…and,neither…nor,either…or,not only…but also，as well as

　　1．and“和，并且”，连接对等的词句。（在否定句中要用or连接。）

　　I like physics and chemistry.我喜欢物理和化学。

　　I don’t like physics or chemistry.我不喜欢物理和化学。

　　2．both…and“……和……都”

　　Both Jim and Mary went to the cinema yesterday.昨天吉姆和玛丽都去看电影了。

　　Exercise is good both for body and for mind.运动有益于身心。

　　3．neither…nor两者皆不

　　He neither smokes nor drinks.他既不抽烟又不喝酒。

　　I like neither swimming nor skating.我既不喜欢游泳，又不喜欢溜冰。

　　4．either…or不是…就是…，或者…或者….。

　　Either you come to the office now,or wait for me at home.

　　你要么现在到办公室来，要么就在家等着。

　　Either he or I will leave.不是他就是我将要离开。

　　5．not only…but(also)不但……而且……(not only…but also中的also可以省略。)

　　Not only she but also I am wrong.不但她错了，我也错了。

　　He not only made a promise,but kept it.他不仅许诺，而且做到了。

　　6．as well as也、又

　　We will rescue Henry as well as you.除了你，我们还要营救亨利。

　　He likes basketball as well as football.除了足球，他还喜欢篮球。

　　二、常用的从属连词：

　　（一）引导时间状语从句的连词有：when,while,since,until,after,before,as soon as

　　1．when当……时

　　When we got there,the meeting had begun.我们到时，会议已经开始了。

　　It was raining when she arrived at the station.她到达车站时，正在下雨。588.es

　　2．while正当……时，正在……时。（while引导的从句中，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，且常常用进行时。

　　Don’t make any noise while others are reading.别人读书时不要制造噪音。

　　She sang while she was walking.她边走边唱。

　　3．since自从

　　It’s just a month since we arrived here.我们到这儿刚好一月了。

　　My mother has been ill since I left home.自从我离开家我妈妈就一直生病。

　　4．until直到……为止

　　Until you told me,I knew nothing at all about it.在我告诉我之前，我对此之外无所知。

　　He didn’t appear until the meeting had begun.直到会议开始他才露面。

　　5．before在……之前

　　after在……之后

　　I’ll phone you after I arrive.我到达之后给你打电话。

　　Say goodbye before you go.你走之前要说再见。

　　6．as soon as一……就

　　I’ll visit you as soon as I come back.我一回来就去拜访你。

　　Please tell him as soon as you see him.你一看见他就请告诉他。

　　（二）引导原因状语从句的连词：because,since,as,for,now that

　　1．because因为(because与so不能并用。)

　　I can’t believe in him because he isn’t honest.我不能信任他，因为他不诚实。

　　She didn’t come because she didn’t know it.她没有来，因为她不知道。

　　2．since既然

　　Since he says so,it must be true.既然他这么说，那一定是真的。

　　Since you ask,I will tell you.你既然问，我就告诉你。

　　3．as因为，由于

　　As we are hungry,let’s have supper.由于大家饿了，我们就吃晚饭吧。

　　Mother began to worry about my brother as it was getting dark.

　　由于天越来越黑，妈妈开始为哥哥着急。

　　4．for因为

　　We can't go for it is raining.我们不能走，因为正在下雨。

　　I enjoyed myself at the party for I knew all the guests well.

　　我在晚会上玩得很尽兴，因为所有的个人我都很熟悉。

　　5．now that既然

　　Now that he is unhappy,let’s leave him alone.既然他不高兴，我们就让他自己呆着吧。

　　Now that she feels sorry,please forgive her.既然她很后悔，就请原谅她吧。

　　（三）引导结果状语从句：so…that,such…that

　　1．so…that如此……以致

　　She is so tired that he can’t go any further.她太累了，不能再走了。

　　She is so big a cat that she can’t get into the hole.这猫太大了钻不进这洞。

　　2．such…that如此……以致

　　It’s such a beautiful place that I wouldn’t come back.这地方太美了，令我留恋返。

　　It’s such a fine day that many people go to the park for fun.

　　天气这么好，许多人都到公园里来玩乐。

　　（四）引导目的状语从句的连词：so that,in order that以便

　　They hurried so that they can get there on time.他们加快了速度，为的是能够按时到达。

　　I hired a boat in order that I can go fishing.为了去钓鱼，我租了条小船。

　　（五）引导比较状语从句的连词：than,as…as

　　He is taller than his brother.他比他兄弟高。

　　She could draw as well as her teacher.她能画得跟她的老师一样好。

　　（六）引导让步状语从句的连词：though,although（though与although的用法基本一样）

　　Although it rained hard,he still went out.尽管雨下得很大，他还是出去了。

　　Even though I have enough time,I don’t want to go there with him.

　　尽管我有时间，可我并不想跟他去那。

　　最新连词的种类详解篇3

　　连词，顾名思义，是一种起连接作用的词。

　　1、and“和”，表示并列关系。

　　如：There are some desks and chairs in the classroom.

　　2、but“但是”，表示转折关系。

　　如：You can skate well,but Ican’t.

　　3、or“还是”，表示选择关系。

　　如：Would you like a glass of milk or a cup of tea?

　　注意：在疑问句或否定句中，当表示并列关系时，不用and，而用or。

　　如：Do you have any brothers or sisters?

　　I don’t have any brothers or sisters.

　　4、than“比”，表示对比关系。

　　如：SuHai jumps farther than SuYang.

　　5、because“因为”，表示因果关系。

　　如：I like summer best because I can go swimming.

　　6、so“所以”，表示结果关系。

　　如：Helen was ill, so she didn’t go to school yesterday.

　　最新连词的种类详解篇4

　　连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语，谓语与谓语，句子与句子，分词与分词的词，它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用;而从属连词一般连接主句与从句，从句形式有名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句等。

　　(一)并列连词：

　　并列连词可用来连接词与词，词组与词组，分句与分句。常用的并列连词有：and(和)，as well as(既…又)，both … and(不但…而且)，not only … but also(不但…而且)，not … but(不是…而是)，neither … nor(既不…也不)，either … or(不是…就是)，or(或者)，but (但是)，yet(然而)，for(因为)，so(所以)，while(而)，when(这时)等。如：Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy(暗沉沉的)./ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious(光荣的)yet difficult task./ Strike while iron is hot.

　　(二)从属连词

　　从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有：

　　引导时间状语从句的：after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as

　　引导原因状语从句的：because, since, as

　　引导让步状语从句的：although, though, no matter(无论), even if (though)

　　引导条件状语从句的：if, unless, once, so (as) long as

　　引导结果状语从句的：so … that …, such … that …

　　引导目的状语从句的：so that …, in order that …

　　引导比较状语从句的：as … as …, not so (as) … as …, … than …

　　引导方式状语从句的：as if …

　　引导主语，宾语或表语从句的连词主要有：that, whether, if三个。其中that 和whether间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句。

　　(三)某些用法比较特殊的从属连词用法区别

　　1、当while, when, as引导时间状语从句时的区别：①while引导的状语从句中动词必须是持续性。谓语动词多为进行时，或状态动词的一般时。while 的这些用法可用when代替，等于 "at the time that", "during the time that"。例如：Please keep quiet while (when) others are studying;② when除可指一段时间外，还可用来指一点时间，等于 "at the time"，也就是说when引出的时间状语从句中的谓语动词可以是终止性的'，也可以延续性的。因此主句和从句的谓语可以是一般时，进行时，或完成时。例如：When I went into the lab, the teacher was doing an experiment.(when不能换成while)He often makes mistakes when he is speaking English.(when可换成while)③as常可与when，while通用，但强调"一边、一边"。例如：As (when, while) I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of number 37. ④when引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致，主、谓是"主语+系动词"结构时，这时主语和系动词可以省略。例如：When (he was) young, he worked for a rich man./ She'll be here to give you help when (if it is) necessary. ⑤when有时代替if，引导条件句，意为"如果"、"假如"，例如：I'll come when (if) I'm free.

　　2、before作连词一般表示时间，意为"在…之前"，但有些句子中这样译就显得别扭。试看以下句子的翻译：He almost knocked me down before he saw me.他几乎把我撞倒才看见我;Before I could get in a word he had measured me.我还没来得及插话，他已经给我量好了尺寸。

　　3、till, until作为介词式从属连词引导时间状语短语或状语从句，用于否定句时，结构为not …until (till)，主句谓语动词延续与非延续皆可，意为"直到…才…"。用于肯定句时，只与延续性动词连用，表示"到…为止"。例如：They played volleyball until (till) it got dark./ They didn't talk(延续性动词)until (till) the interpreter(译员)came./ He didn't go to bed(非延续性动词)until (till) the his father came back.;until可以放在句首，till则不行，例如：Until the last minute of the match we kept on playing./ Not until he finished his work did he go home.(倒装);till, until只用于时间，以下句子是错误的：We walked till the edge of the forest.(要用as far as或to)。

　　4、because, since, as引导原因状语时注意使用上的区别：①如果原因构成句子的最主要部分,一般用because ,因此because引导的从句往往放在句末。用why提问的句子，一定用because回答。例如：He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill.;②如原因已为人们所知，或不如句子的其他部分重要，就用as，或 since。since比as更正式些。as和since引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如：As you are tired, you had better rest./ Since everyone is here, now let's begin.

　　5、although和though引导让步状语从句往往用法一样，但注意以下区别：①although用于各种文体，而though则多用于非正式的口语或书面语中。注意由although, though引导的从句后，主句不能用but，但可用副词yet, still。例如：Although/ Though it rained all the morning, they still went on working.(或yet they went on working)②though常与even连用，even though表示强调，意为"即使"，但不能说even although，例如：Even though I didn't understand a word, I dept smiling. ③though可用作副词，意为"然而"，常用逗号与句子分开。although则不能这样使用，它只作连词。例如：It was a quiet party, I had a good time, though.

　　6、once作副词译"曾经"，作为连词译"一旦"，引导条件状语从句。相当于if的加强形式。例如：I don't believe he was once a thief. (once这里是副词)/ Once Aristotle had made up his mind that heavy objects always fell faster than light objects, he taught it as a truth to his students. (once连词)

　　7、unless引导条件状语从句等于if … not …。例如：He'll accept the job unless the salary is too low. ( = He'll accept the job if the salary is not too low.)

　　8、在用as if引导的方式状语从句及表语从句中，根据情况要使用虚拟语气。例如：He talks as if he knew all about it. 但有时也可用直陈语气。例如：It looks as if it is going to rain.

　　9、whether, if引导从句的用法区别：①引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时，用whether，不用if。例如：Whether they will go to the Great Wall is not known./ The question is whether we can finish the task on time./ The question whether we will take part in the physics contest has not been decided. ②whether可接不定式，而if则不可。例如：I haven't decided whether to leave or not. ③whether可作介词的宾语或置于句首表示强调，而if则不可。例如：Everything depends on whether we have enough money./ Whether he will come, I am not sure. ④whether和if均可引导宾语从句， whether引导的宾语从句一般都是肯定句，if引导的宾语从句可以是肯定的，也可以是否定的(此时不能用whether)，例如：Could you tell us whether/ if it rains in winter in Australia?/ I wonder if it doesn't rain. ⑤引导宾语从句的whether和if常可与or not连用。连用时要注意or not的位置，它一般与 whether、if分开使用，有时它可与whether合起来使用，但不能与if合起来使用。例如：I don't know whether/ if they will come or not./ I don't know whether or not they will come. ⑥if可用来引导条件状语从句，译"如果"，whether则不行。例如：If you work hard, you are sure to succeed.

　　10、as作从属连词可引导多种状语从句。①as引导时间状语从句，意为"当…时"。例如：As (he was) a young man, he was a storekeeper and later a postmaster./ He sang as he worked. ②as引导方式状语从句，意为"象…一样"。例如：We must do as the Party teaches us. ③as引导原因状语从句。意为"由于"，例如：As you are tired, you had better rest. ④as引导让步状语从句。意为"虽然"、"尽管"Child as he is, he can do it well. ( = Although he is a child, he can do it well.) 另外，as做为关系代词还可以引导定语从句，如：I have the same book as you.

　　练习、连词

　　1 .He is very old,____ he still works very hard. A. but B.if C.when D.as

　　2. ____ you are dismissed.

　　A. Neither you go nor B. Either you go or C. Whether you go or D. Both you go and

　　3. They had camped once before, ____ they knew what to take.

　　A. because B. now C. so D. since

　　4. Why these things happened was ____ the driver had been careless.

　　A. because of B. owing to C. due to D. that

　　5. Although, it's raining, ____are still working in the fields.

　　A. they B. but they C. and they D. so they

　　6.___we have satisfied you, you have no grounds of complaint.

　　A. So B. Since that C. Now that D. By now.

　　7. Write clearly ____ your teacher can understand .you correctly.

　　A. since B. for C. because D. so that

　　8.You'll miss the train ____ you hurry up. A. unless B. as C. if D. until

　　9. Francis did the task____ his brother. A. as good as B. as better as C. as well as D. as best as

　　10.The size of the audience,____ we had expected, was well over twenty thousand.

　　A. as B. what C. that D. whom

　　11.I thought he hated the TV .You are right,____ he still watches the program.

　　A. yet B. besides C. also D. then

　　12. It looks ____ it's going to rain. A. that B. as C. as if D. like that

　　13.____ to New York, her father has not heard from her.

　　A. Because she went B. After she went C. When she went D. Since she went

　　14.___he daydreamed, Peter saw figures in the sky. A. Until B. Since C. While D. During

　　15. We arrived at the station ____ the train had left. A. after B. before C. since D. when

　　16.____ he was in poor health, he worked just as hard as everyone else.

　　A. But B. Although C. Even if D. If

　　17. Give me one more minute ____ I'll have finished. A. so B. until C. and D. when

　　18. The worker hunted for jobs in New York for months,____ he could not find any work.

　　A. and B. yet C. or D. and but

　　19. Hurry up, ____ you'll be late. A. or B. and C. so D. yet

　　20. Do not make the same mistake ____ I did. A. so B. as C. like D. that

　　21. My sister is expecting me,____ I must be off now. A. however B. or C. so D. otherwise

　　22. We should pay attention ____ to industry ____ to agriculture.

　　A. either, or B. neither, nor C. not, but D. both, and

　　23. He ran off____ I could stop him. A. before B. after C. since D. when

　　24.____ you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. A. Till B. Until C. After D. Since

　　25. Where have you been ____ you left home? A. before B. as C. since D. when

　　26.____ the problem of method is solved, talking about the task is useless.

　　A. Until B. Since C. After D. Unless

　　27. We have produced 15% more cotton this year____ we did last year.

　　A. as B. than C. like D. white

　　28.It is late; ____, I'm too tired to go out. A. besides B. except C. except for D. except that

　　29. Everything around us is ____ solid ..liquid ____ gas.

　　A. not .. .but... B. either.. .or... C. neither.. .nor... D. whether.. .or...

　　30. He will come ____ you ask him. A. whether B. unless C. if D. while

　　31.____ he will come or not is still unknown. A. If B. Where C. That D. Whether

　　32.I don' t know ____ to stay at home or go out. A. whether B. if C. how D. where

　　33. He spoke loudly ____ the audience could hear him clearly.

　　A. so B. that C. so that D. in order to

　　34. The book is not easy.____ it's rather difficult.

　　A. On the one hand B. On the contrary

　　C. On the other hand D. On the other contrary

　　35. You must work hard,____ you will not learn English well.

　　A. if B. whether C. otherwise D. unless

　　36. It rained heavily,____ the basketball match had to be put off.

　　A. so that B. when C. otherwise D. therefore

　　37. We must do ____ the people want us to do..

　　A. whatever B. however C. wherever D. whenever

　　38. You are certainly right,____ others may say. A. what B. whatever C. that D. as

　　39.____ makes mistakes must correct them. A. Who B. What C. Whoever D. Whatever

　　40.I'll discuss it with you ____ you like to come.

　　A. when B. where C. whoever D. whenever

　　41.____ you work, you must always serve the people heart and soul.

　　A. Wherever B. Whenever C. Where D. When

　　42.___you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty.

　　A. Once B. At once C. Only D. Only then

　　43.___ difficult the task may be, we must fulfil it this month.

　　A. No matter how B. No matter what C. No matter when D. No matter where

　　44. We can surely overcome these difficulties _,___ we are closely united.

　　A. so far as B. so long as C. as soon as D. as well as

　　45.___ I know he will stay here for half a year.

　　A. as soon as B. as long as C. so far as D. as well as

　　46. Please write me ____ you arrive in New York.

　　A. as well as B. so long as C. as far as D. as soon as

　　47. That is not ____ I want. A. that B. why C. what D. whose

　　48. ___ he did it remains a secret. A. What B. Whom C. Which D. How

　　49. It is quite clear ____ he won't see us. A. what B. that C. why D. how

　　50. Would you tell me ____ way I should take? A. what B. that C. which D. whose

　　51. I am sure ____ you said is true. A. what B. that C. which D. who

　　52. The trouble is ____ we can not find such an expert.

　　A. why B. that C. where D. /

　　53. It has not been decided ____ they will leave.

　　A. why B. when C. which D. what

　　54. We shall go ____ you are ready. A. while B. as soon as C. as D. since

　　55. He will tell you about it ____ you get there. A. while B. as C. when D. /

　　56. Don't try to get off the bus ____ it has stopped.

　　A. while B. as C. since D. before

　　57. I'll come and see you _____ I go to the countryside.

　　A. while B. when . C. as soon as D. before

　　58. ___ he came to study in the university, he has made much progress in the study of English.

　　A. While B. When C. Since D. After

　　59. Things have changed a lot ____ I wrote to you last time.

　　A. when B. since C. as D. before

　　60. I can't use your pen, ___ there is no ink in it. A. for B. when C. if D. whether

　　61. I'd like to go swimming ____ the water is not too cold.

　　A. for B. unless C. if D. whether

　　62. Difficulties are nothing ___ we are not afraid of them.

　　A. for B. as C. if D. whether

　　63. The doctor will not perform the operation ___ it is absolutely necessary.

　　A. when B. if C. for D. unless

　　64. Go back ___ you came from. A. until B. where C. which D. when

　　65. He lay ___ the grass was the thickest. A. where B. when C. that D. after

　　66. You will find friendly people ___ you go in China.

　　A. where B. and C. wherever D. so

　　67. ___ it was already dark, they went on working in the fields.

　　A. If B. Whether C. But D. Though

　　68. ___ he has finished writing the novel is unknown.

　　A. If B. Whether C. When D. While

　　69. We'll go and see the patient ___we are busy.

　　A. even if B. for C. if D. while

　　70. The museum is ___ far ____ it will take us half an hour to get there by bus.

　　A. such... that B. as...as C. so...that D. so … as

　　语法复习二十一：连词

　　1~5 ABCDA 6~10 CDACA 11~15 ACDBA 16~20 BCBAB 21~25 CDABC

　　26~30 BBABC 31~35 DACBC 36~40 AABCD 41~45 AAABC 46~50 DCDBC

　　51~55 ABBBC 56~60 DDCBA 61~65 CCDBA 66~70 CDBAC

　　最新连词的种类详解篇5

　　1.considering

　　就……而论、照……来看；考虑到，既可用作介词，又可用作连词。例：I hear he is more than 70， but he is still very strong， considering his age.

　　听说他已经 70 多岁了，但从他的年纪来看，他仍然很结实。

　　Considering （ that ） he did not study hard， he did well on the test.

　　考虑到他没有用功，他考得还不错。

　　另： considering 还可用作副词，通常置于句尾，意为从各方面看。例：

　　She seems （ to be ） very bright， considering.

　　从各方面看，她似乎很聪明。

　　2. providing / provided

　　倘若……；在……的条件下，用作连词，引导条件状语从句，但从句不用虚拟语气。例：

　　We'll visit Europe next year， provided / providing （ that ） we have the money.

　　如果我们有这笔钱，我们明年将去欧洲游览。

　　I shall go provided / providing （ that ） it does not rain.

　　倘若天不下雨，我就去。

　　3. supposing / suppose

　　假如、假定用作连词，引导条件状语从句，从句可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气。例：

　　Supposing / Suppose （ that ） the weather were bad， where would you go？

　　假如天气不好，你去什么地方？

　　Supposing / Suppose （ that ） she doesn't come， what should we do？

　　假如她不来我们该怎么办？

　　supposing 可用在一个简单句中，相当于 What would / will happen if … / What does it matter if …例：

　　Supposing I don't see her. （ = What will happen if I don't see her？）

　　假如我见不到她，那该怎么办？

　　suppose 意为假定；万一；倘若；不妨；何不。例：

　　（ Let us ） Suppose （ that ） his statement is right.

　　假定他的陈述是正确的。

　　4. according to /by

　　根据…… / 按照……，用作连词。例：

　　According to my watch， it's 4 o'clock.

　　按照我表上的时间，现在是 4 点钟。

　　You may go or stay， according as you decide.

　　去还是留，由你来决定。

　　You may / will be praised or blamed according as your work is good or bad.

　　根据工作好坏你将会受到奖惩。

　　according to 与 according by 的区别在于：

　　（ 1 ） according by 不可与表示人的名词或代词连用； according to 可与表示人的名词或代词连用。

　　（ 2 ） according to 只能表示来自他处的信息，而不能表示来自说话者本身的信息。

　　例：

　　According to （不能用 by ） my clock， it is 12 o'clock.

　　根据我表上的时间，现在是 12 点。

　　According to （不能用 by ） her （不能用 me ）， the war broke out in 1923.

　　根据她所说的，那场战争在 1923 年爆发。

　　5. compared with / to

　　将……与……比较，用作介词。例：

　　Compared with / to her mother， she is tall.

　　和她母亲比起来，她算很高了。

　　6. including

　　包含，用作介词。例：

　　I have to prepare food for seven people， including me.

　　我必须准备包括自己在内 7 个人的食物。

　　7. owing to

　　由于……因为……，用作介词。 seeing （ that ）由于……；既然……；因为……，用作连词。例：

　　Owing to unfavourable weather， I was unable to carry on with it.

　　由于天气不好，我不能把它进行下去。

　　Seeting （ that ） he is ill， he's unlikely to come.

　　由于生病的缘故，他可能不来了。

　　8. judging from / by （ =to judge by ）

　　由……来判断，用作介词。例：

　　Judging from / by what he said， he must be an honest man.

　　由他所说的来判断，他一定是个诚实的人。

　　Judging from / by his accent， he must be from Guangdong province.

　　从他的口音来判断，他一定来自广东。

　　9. regarding （ =as regards， in regard to， with regard to ） / respecting （ =as respects， in respect to， with respect to ） / concerning （ =as concerns ） / relating to

　　均用作介词，意为关于，就……而言，相当于 about，但比 about 正式。例：

　　Regarding this point， he is correct.

　　关于这一点，他是对的。

　　Respecting your salary， we shall come to a decision later.

　　关于你的工资，我们将在以后做出决定。

　　Concerning your letter， I am pleased to inform you that your plans are quite acceptable.

　　关于来信，我很高兴地通知你，我们觉得你的计划是可接受的。

　　10. given

　　如果有……，假定……，考虑到……，既可用作介词，也可用作连词。例：

　　Given that they are inexperienced， they have done a good job.

　　考虑到他们经验不足，他们的工作做得还不错。

　　Given his support， I think we'll win the election.