大学英语从句学习知识

时间：2022-05-19 14:11:18 大学英语我要投稿

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大学英语从句学习知识

　　要想学好大学英语，关于从句的知识肯定少不了，下面整理了一些关于大学英语从句的学习知识，欢迎大家阅读!

大学英语从句学习知识

　　定语从句【放在被修饰的名词后来修饰】：

　　1.由关系代词引起的定语从句

　　关系代词who引起宾语从句

　　在公益组织工作的人士为了帮助别人。

　　People who work for charitable organizations usually do so because they want to help people in need.

　　解释：People【主语】 who work for charitable organizations【定语从句修饰先行词people：who定语从句的关系词代替人“people”做主语，work for...(为......工作)谓语，charitable organizations宾语】 usually【状语：副词做状语】 do【谓语】 so【宾语：so代词做宾语】because they want to help people in need【because引导原因状语从句：they主语，want谓语， to help动词不定式做宾语，people做help的宾语，in need介词短语做后置定语修饰people】.

　　那些受过高等教育的人会有更多机会。

　　Those who receive higher education have more opportunities.

　　解释：Those【those“那些”，代替的是人做主语】 who receive higher education【who引导定语从句，这定语从句的关系词只能用who不能用that，因为those是代词，所以只能用who;receive谓语， higher education宾语】have【谓语】 more opportunities【宾语】.

　　关系词that/which

　　可以代替“事物”，做宾语的时候可以省略，但做主语的时候不能省略

　　动物实验室野蛮的做法，剥夺了动物的生命权。

　　Animal testing is a babaric practice that deprives animals of the right of subsistence.

　　解释：Animal testing【主语】 is【谓语：系动词(is，am，are，was，were，become，feel，sound，smell，taste，turn)，系动词跟的是形容词或名词作表语】 a babaric practice【表语：babaric形容词做前置定语修饰practice】 that deprives animals of the right of subsistence【关系词引导定语从句做主语，that做主语的时候不能省略，that代替practice主语，由于practice是单数，那么谓语动词就加s/es，deprives谓语;animals of the right of subsistence宾语，第二个of是后置定语修饰right，第一个of也是后置定语修饰animals】 .

　　人口过多和淡水短缺是当今人们面临的两个棘手问题。

　　Overpopulation and fresh water shortage are two thorny problems that people are confronted with today.

　　解释：Overpopulation and fresh water shortage【主语】 are【谓语：系动词】 two thorny problems【表语】 that people are confronted with【定语从句，关系词that做的是宾语，因为后面已经有主谓了，所以that就是宾语，关系做宾语时可以省略;people 主语，are confronted with谓语，那么这个的宾语就已经提前了，那就是two thorny problems】 today【时间状语】.

　　关系词whose代表“某个人的”在定语从句中做定语

　　由于遗传造成的肥胖需要去看医生。

　　Those who obesity is gene-related should consult doctors.

　　解释：Those【主语】 whose obesity is gene-related【定语从句：whose obesity主语，由于在定语从句中，obesity名词作主语了，那么就用形容词来修饰名词，用whose来修饰obesity，所以whose obesity做主语，谓语is(系动词)，表语gene-related(形容词)】 should consult【谓语，should情态动词(情态动词：can，could，may，might，will，would，shall，should，must，need)，情态动词单独不能成立，要成立的话必须加动词原形做谓语】 doctors【宾语】.

　　2.有关系副词引起的定语从句

　　When【修饰时间】，where【修饰地点或领域】，why【修饰原因】

　　我支持建一坐现代体育馆的理由是，体育课对学生的健康是非常重要的。

　　One reason why I support the building of a modern gym is that physical education class is very important to the well-being of students.

　　解释：One reason【主语】 why I support the building of a modern gym【定语从句：why代替“原因”，I主语，support谓语，the building of a modern gym宾语(介词of引导的后置定语of a modern gym后置定语修饰building)】is 【谓语：系动词】that physical education class is very important to the well-being of students【由that引导表语从句： physical education class主语，is 谓语，very important表语(very副词做状语修饰形容词important);介词to引导状语，所以to the well-being of students状语(of介词引导of students做后置定语修饰well-being】.

　　博物馆是游客们体验当地文化和了解历史的好地方。

　　A museum is a good place where tourists can appreciate the local culture and better understand the local history.

　　解释A museum【主语】 is 【谓语】a good place【表语】 where tourists can appreciate the local culture and better understand the local history【由where(代替地点)引导的定语从句，tourists主语，can appreciate 谓语，the local culture宾语;and并列连词，那就是把can appreciate the local culture 和better understand the local history并列，那么understand是并列谓语，better状语修饰谓语understand，the local history宾语】.

　　我盼望着有一天能在你饭店美餐一顿。

　　I look forward to a day when we can enjoy a delicious meal at your restaurant.

　　解释：I 【主语】look forward to【谓语】 a day【宾语】 when we can enjoy a delicious meal at your restaurant【由where引导的定语从句，代替时间day，we主语，can enjoy谓语， a delicious meal 宾语(其中，delicious是前置定语修饰meal)，at your restaurant状语(介词短语at引导的做状语)】.

　　非限定性定语从句which“这”

　　结果，这也导致人们面对面接触的机会越来越少，从而使人们之间的关系越来越淡漠。

　　This，as a result，has made direct face-to-face human contact less and less necessary，which has led to human relationships become more confusing.

　　解释：This【主语】，as a result【介词引导做状语】，has made【现在完成时have/has+过去分词，做谓语】 direct face-to-face human contact【宾语】 less and less necessary【补足语】(提示：make direct face-to-face contact面对面接触;make+宾语+形容词做宾语补足语，形容的的比较级+形容词的比较级“越来越......”) ，which has led to human relationships becoming more confusing【...，which“这”引导非限定性定语从句：which

　　主语;has led谓语(现在完成时)，lead to “导致”做谓语;human relationships 宾语，becoming more confusing(现在分词当后置定语修饰human relationships;more confusing形容词作表语，因为become是系动词，所以more confusing就是表语】.

　　状语从句：

　　1.原因状语从句(由because，since，as，seeing that+句子，considering that+句子，now that+句子)

　　此外，因为他们了解我们，知道我们的缺点，所以能提供有用的建议。

　　Furthermore，the people who know us well can advise us effectively because they can understand our strengths and weakness.

　　解释：Furthermore【状语：递进】，the people 【主语】who know us well【who引导定语从句，修饰people，who主语，know谓语，us宾语，well(副词做状语)】 can advise谓语 us宾语 effectively【副词做状语修饰advise】 because they can understand our strengths and weakness【because引导原因状语从句，they主语，can understand谓语，our strengths and weakness宾语，and并列】.

　　2.让步状语从句【although...，...(尽管......，但是......);though;even if虽然，even though既然，no mater，while，whatever】

　　尽管运动员与演艺员的收入高得似乎有点离谱，但之所以这样是有原因的。

　　Although the salaries of athletes and entertainers seem exorbitant，there are valid reasons why they receive them.

　　解释：Although the salaries of athletes and entertainers seem exorbitant【由although引导让步状语从句，the salaries of athletes and entertainers 主语(由介词of引导的of athletes and entertainers做后置定语修饰salaries】，there are valid reasons why they receive them【主句：there be有(主语+谓语)valid reasons宾语(valid形容词做定语修饰reasons;why they receive them由why引导定语从句，they主语，receive谓语them宾语】.

　　条件状语从句【if如果;unless除非，in case以防;so long as/as long as只要;so far as只要;on condition that+句子“接通条件”;provided that假如

　　如果破坏了环境，人类将无法生存。其次，因为工业对环境造成重大的伤害，所以我认为企业有责任支持在环保及环境清洁方面的努力。

　　If mankind destroys the environment，we will not be able to survive. Second，because industry causes much of the damage to the environment，I believe that companies have some responsibility to support conversation and cleanup efforts.

　　解释：If mankind destroys the environment【if引导条件状语从句，mankind主语destroys谓语 the environment宾语，we will not be able to survive【主句：we主语;will not be able to survive谓语】. Second【状语：递进】，because industry causes much of the damage to the environment【原因状语从句：industry主语; causes谓语; much of the damage宾语(重大的伤害);to the environment【状语：对环境】，I believe that companies have some responsibility to support conversation and cleanup efforts【主句：I主语believe 谓语，that引导宾语从句，宾语从句的主语， have 宾语从句的谓语;some responsibility宾语从句的宾语;to support conversation and cleanup efforts由to引导的动词不定式做宾语】.

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