2017上半年CATTI二级笔译考试练习题及答案
中国的政府在宣布实行和平统一的方针时，是基于一个前提，即当时的台湾当局坚持世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国的一部分。同时，中国的政府考虑到美国政府承认了世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国的一部分，中华人民共和国政府是中国的唯一合法政府。中国的政府在实行和平统一方针的同时始终表明，以任何方式解决了台湾的问题是中国的内政，并无义务承诺放弃使用武力。
The Chinese proclaimed to implement the policy of peaceful reunification on the premise that the then Taiwan authorities maintained that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is only one part of China. Meanwhile, the Chinese government took into consideration the fact that the US government acknowledged that there is only one China in the world, Taiwan is one part of China and the Government of People’s Republic of China is the sole legitimate government of China.
Adopting the policy of peaceful reunification, the Chinese government always makes it clear that it is China’s internal affair to resolve the Taiwan issue by any means and China is under no obligation to undertake to renounce the use of force.
分析：
① 中国的政府在宣布宣 实行和平统一和平统 的方针方 时，是基于一个前提基于一个前 ，即当时的当时 台湾当局坚持当局坚 世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国的一部分。
▲ The Chinese proclaimed/declared to adopt/implement the policy of peaceful reunification on the premise that the then Taiwan authorities maintained that there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is only one part of China.
▲ The declaration by the Chinese government to implement the policy of peaceful reunification was based on the prerequisite that the then Taiwan authorities insisted that there is only one China in the world and that Taiwan is a part of China.
政府在“宣布”时宜使用较正式的词语，比如 maintain，declare，state，affirm，avow，assert，attest，aver 等，比 announce，believe 等单词更为合适。
转性译法：动词 → 名词 宣布 →declaration
“前提”的翻译：“基于一个……的前提”是翻译中的常见句型，考生可以根据表达的需要，选取以下表达：
on the premise / ground that，based on the prerequisite / proposition / hypothesis / assumption /presupposition 等
“当时的”的翻译：在外交的翻译中，经常要遇到“当时的”翻译，请考生使用 the then+noun 的表达方法。如：当时的政府 →the then government
褒贬译法：坚持 →insist (褒义译法)
→persist (贬义译法)
其他表“坚持”的短语还有：persist in that / insist on that / maintain / adhere to that / stick to that /
uphold that
实行：
scheme → put into practice
policy → implement / exert
② 同时，中国的政府考虑到考虑美国政府承认承了世界上只有一个中国，台湾是中国的一部分，中华人民共和国政府是中国的唯一合法合政府。
▲ Meanwhile, the Chinese government took into account/consideration the fact that the US government acknowledged / recognized that there is only one China in the world, (that) Taiwan is one part of China and (that) the Government of People’s Republic of China is the sole legitimate government of China.
考虑：take into consideration the fact that
唯一：sole (adv.)
合法：legitimate 能够行使法律主体
③ 中国的政府在实行和平统一统 方针的同时始终表明表 ，以任何方式 解决了台湾的问题是中国的内政内 ，并无义务无义 承诺放弃使用武力武 。
▲ Adopting the policy of peaceful reunification, the Chinese government always makes it clear that it is China’s internal affair to resolve the Taiwan issue by any means and China is under no obligation to undertake to renounce the use of force.
转性译法：动词 → 介词 无义务 →under no obligation
表明：make sth. clear / declare / specify
内政：internal affair
By the middle of this century, some two thirds of the world’s nation, with at least five billion people, will enjoy a standard of living, which only the advanced economies now have. Some three billion of these
people will live in Asia. Collectively, the Asian Countries will have a larger economy than the rest of the world put together.
The rest of the world will have to react to this millennial economic shift to Asia, and to the rising power of
China. The rest of the world will be divided between the Euro-American countries, and the two big peripheral powers, Japan and Russia. Russia is a huge geographical country, with well educated people, and will eventually recover.
In terms of nations, it will be a world of much greater economic equality. Although there will still be poor
countries, most will be quite rich. Inside these nations there will be mass prosperity, but with a large minority in serious poverty, and a small number who are very rich.
到本世纪中叶，世界上约三分之二的国家，至少 50 亿人口，将会过上当今只有发达经济体才享有的生活。其中约 30 亿人口居住 / 生活在亚洲。亚洲国家的经济总量，将超过其他国家地区(经济规模)的.总和。
其他国家将不得不面对新千年吹向亚洲的经济东风和中华民族的迅速崛起。它们被划分为欧美国家及两大边缘势力国家，日本和俄罗斯。俄罗斯人杰地广，全面复苏只是时间问题。
就(每个)国家而言，这个世界将成为一个经济更趋均衡化的世界。尽管贫穷的国家还将继续存在，但大多数国家将会变得富足。这些国家虽然呈现出欣欣向荣的态势，但是其中还有许多极端贫穷的弱势人群，还有少量富有人群。
分析：
① By the middle of this century, some two thirds of the world’s nation, with at least five billion people,will enjoy a standard of living, (which only the advanced economies now have).
▲ 到本世纪中叶中 ，世界上约三分之二的国家，至少 50 亿人口，将会过上当今只有发达经济体才享有的生活。
▲ 到本世纪中叶，世界上约三分之二的国家，至少 50 亿人口，将享受到目前只有经济发达国家才享有的生活水准。
some 在这里表示“大约”，与数字连用。如： He spent some twenty of his life in Africa.
定语从句的翻译：前置法：尽管这句定语从句为非限制性定语从句，但意思较简单，因此前置。
② Some three billion of these people will live in Asia.
▲ 其中约 30 亿人口居住 / 生活在亚洲。
③ Collectively, the Asian Countries will have a larger economy than the rest of the world put together.
▲ 亚洲国家的经济总量，将超过其他国家地区(经济规模)的总和。
转性译法：副词 → 形容词 collectively→ 整体的collectively 本为副词，表示“集中起来”，如在一开始翻译，就会产生无主句，令人匪夷所思。如翻译成“亚洲国家的经济规模集中起来”，也不是最佳。因此翻译成“亚洲国家的整体经济规模”，把collectively 处理成“整体的”。
具体译法：加字法： economy→ 经济体;经济规模
考生在翻译 economic 这个单词时，应注意其经常会出现具体译法而不解释为“经济”，可能会解释为“经济制度 / 现象 / 体 / 规模” 等等，总之考生应看清 economy 在语境中的含义，翻译成“经济××u8221X
增词译法：整句在 than 之后其实省略了 the economy of ，在翻译中应补全。
换序译法：collectively 置于 the Asian Countries 后翻译
④ The rest of the world will have to react to this millennial economic shift to Asia, and to the rising power of China.
▲ 其他国家将不得不面对新千年吹向亚洲的经济东风和中华民族的迅速崛起。
▲ 在新千年，经济重心将向亚洲转移，中国的力量将日益强大，世界其他地区将不得不对此做出反应。
意译： react to→ 面对 economic shift→ 经济东风
换序译法：由于 react to 后的宾语偏长，因此可先翻译宾语的情况，再翻译主谓。
⑤ The rest of the world will be divided between the Euro-American countries, and the two big peripheral powers, Japan and Russia.
▲ 它们被划分为欧美国家及两大边缘势力国家，日本和俄罗斯。
省词译法：前句 the rest of the world 已经交待过，且主语相同，这里用“代词”简单重复即可。
意译： peripheral powers→ 边缘势力国家;外围大国
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