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2017年考研英语完型填空专项练习及答案
text one
Chronic insomnia is a major public health problem. And too many people are using__1__ therapies，even while there are a few treatments that do work. Millions of Americans __2__awake at night counting sheep or have a stiff drink or __3__an pill，hoping it will make them sleepy.__4__ experts agree all that self-medicating is a bad idea，and the causes of chronic insomnia remain__5__. Almost a third of adults have trouble sleeping，and about 10 percent have__6__ of daytime impairment that signal true insomnia. But __7__the complaints，scientists know surprisingly little about what causes chronic insomnia，its health consequences and how best to treat it，a panel of specialists __8__together by the National Institutes of Health concluded Wednesday. The panel called__9__a broad range of research into insomnia，__10__that if scientists understood its __11__causes，they could develop better treatments. Most，but not all，insomnia is thought to __12__other health problems，from arthritis and depression to cardiovascular disease. The question often is whether the insomnia came first or was a result of the other diseases and how trouble sleeping in__13__complicates those other problems. Other diseases __14__，the risk of insomnia seems to increase with age and to be more __15__among women，especially after their 50s. Smoking，caffeine and numerous __16__drugs also affect sleep. The NIH is spending about $200 million this year on sleep-related research，some__17__to specific disorders and others __18__the underlying scientific laws that control the nervous system of sleep. The agency was__19__the panel‘s review before deciding what additional work should be__20__ at insomnia.
1. [A] unproven [B] unknown [C] improper [D] imperative
2. [A] fall [B] lie [C] seem [D] become
3. [A] prescribe [B] pop [C] abuse [D] experiment
4. [A] And [B] Though [C] Thus [D] But
5. [A] peculiar [B] anonymous [C] mysterious [D] unexpected
6. [A] signals [B] symptoms [C] signs [D] symbols
7. [A] in addition to[B] except for [C] owing to [D] for all
8. [A] pulled [B] collected [C] brought [D] drawn
9. [A] on [B] for [C] up [D] in
10. [A] noting [B] notifying [C] nosing [D] nominating
11. [A] undertaking[B] underlining [C] underlying [D] undermining
12. [A] cause [B] accompany [C] follow [D] attend
13. [A] short [B] case [C] essence [D] turn
14. [A] inside [B] outside [C] aside [D] besides
15. [A] common [B] popular [C] frequent [D] regular
16. [A] conscription[B] description [C] subscription[D] prescription
17. [A] aimed [B] targeted [C] designated [D] designed
18. [A] examining [B] inspecting [C] verifying [D] assessing
19. [A] conducting [B] awaiting [C] receiving [D] considering
20. [A] assigned [B] charged [C] directed [D] attended
总体分析本文主要介绍了对失眠的研究工作。文章第一段指出慢性失眠是一个重要的公共健康问题，但其致病原因仍是个迷。第二段介绍了(美)全国卫生研究所一个专家小组的结论，该小组呼吁对失眠进行广泛的研究。第三段讨论了失眠与其他因素，如疾病、年龄、药物等的关系。第四段介绍了(美)全国卫生研究所对失眠正在进行的研究情况。
全文翻译：慢性失眠是一个主要的公共健康问题。而且，太多人正使用未经验证的治疗方法，尽管有些方法确实是有效的。上百万的美国人夜里睡不着觉，躺着数羔羊、喝杯烈酒或吞个药片，希望这会使他们产生困意。然而，专家们一致认为，自作主张乱吃药并不是解决失眠的好方法，导致慢性失眠的原因目前还是一个谜。
几乎有1/3的成年人存在睡眠障碍，而且大约10%的人有白天功能减退的症状，这些症状表明他们确实患上了失眠症。但是，一个由(美)全国卫生研究所召集的专家小组在周三得出这样的结论：尽管(社会上关于长期失眠的)抱怨很多，但科学家们对长期失眠的原因，它对健康的影响以及如何有效地治疗都知之甚少。该专家小组呼吁对失眠症进行广泛研究，指出如果科学家们了解了失眠的潜在原因，他们可能会发现更好的治疗方法。
很多，但不是所有的失眠症被认为伴随着其他健康问题产生，从关节炎、抑郁到心血管疾病。而问题通常是不知道是先产生失眠，还是失眠是其他疾病的结果，以及失眠如何又使其他问题变得更加复杂。撇开其他疾病不说，失眠的可能性随着年龄的增加而增加，而且在妇女中更加普遍，尤其是50岁以后。吸烟、咖啡因及众多的处方药也影响睡眠。
(美)全国卫生研究所今年要花大约2000亿美元用于睡眠的相关研究，其中一些以特定的(睡眠)紊乱为目标，另外一些观察控制睡眠神经系统的潜在科学规律。该机构正等待专家小组的评论以决定对失眠进行的下一步研究工作。
答案：1.A 2.B 3.B 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.B 13.D 14.C 15.A 16.D 17.B 18.A 19.B 20.C
text two
There is growing interest in East Japan Railway Co. ltd，one of the six companies，created out of the privatized nationa__l__ railway system. In an industry lacking exciting growth1，its plan to use real-estate assets in and around train stations__2__is drawing interest. In a plan called“Station Renaissance”that it__3__in November，JR East said that it would__4__using its commercial spaces for shops and restaurants，extending them to__5__more suitable for the information age. It wants train stations as pick-up__6__for such goods as books，flowers and groceries__7__over the Internet. In a country where city__8__depend heavily on trains__9__commuting，about 16 million people a day go to its train stations anyway，the company __10__. So，picking up commodities at train stations__11__consumers extra travel and missed home deliveries. JR East already has been using its station__12__stores for this purpose，but it plans to create__13__spaces for the delivery of Internet goods. The company also plans to introduce __14__cards—known in Japan as IC cards because they use integrated circuit for__15__information__16__ train tickets and commuter passes__17__the magnetic ones used today，integrating them into a/an __18__pass. This will save the company money，because__19__for IC cards are much less expensive than magnetic systems. Increased use of IC cards should also__20__the space needed for ticket vending.
1.[A] perspectives [B] outlooks [C] prospects [D] spectacles
2.[A] creatively [B] originally [C] authentically [D] initially
3.[A] displayed [B] demonstrated [C] embarked [D] unveiled
4.[A] go beyond [B] set out [C] come around [D] spread over
5.[A] applications [B] enterprises [C] functions [D]performances
6.[A] districts [B] vicinities [C] resorts [D] locations
7.[A] acquired [B] purchased [C] presided [D] attained
8.[A] lodgers [B] tenants [C] dwellers [D] boarders
9.[A] for [B] in [C] of [D] as
10.[A] figures [B] exhibits [C] convinces [D] speculates
11.[A] deprives [B] retrieves [C] spares [D] exempts
12.[A] conjunction [B] convenience [C] department [D] ornament
13.[A] delegated [B] designated [C] devoted [D] dedicated
14.[A] clever [B] smart [C] ingenious [D] intelligent
15.[A] checking [B] gathering [C] holding [D] accommodating
16.[A] as [B] for [C] with [D] of
17.[A] but for [B] as well as [C] instead of [D] more than
18.[A] unique [B] single [C] unitary [D] only
19.[A] devices [B] instruments [C] readers [D] examiners
20.[A] reduce [B] narrow [C] dwarf [D] shrink
总体分析本文介绍了东日本铁路公司引人关注的新计划。文章第一段介绍说东日本铁路公司创造性地利用车站内部及周围房地产的计划正引起越来越多人的关注。第二段具体介绍了这一计划的内容及好处，即适应信息时代的要求，把车站作为网上购物的物品收取地，这样既为消费者提供了方便，又提高了递送物品的安全性。第三段介绍了该公司引入智能卡代替目前使用的各种磁卡作车票的计划及其优点。
全文翻译通过国家铁路系统的私有化创建起来的六大公司之一的东日本铁路有限公司，正吸引着越来越多人的目光。在一个发展前景不振的行业，它创造性地利用车站内部及周围的房地产的计划正引起人们的关注。
东日本铁路在11月份公布的“车站复兴”计划中说：它将不仅把它的商业空地用于开商店和餐馆，而且还要把这些商业空地用于更加适应信息时代的功能上去。它打算把车站作为网上所购物品如书籍、花卉和日用百货等的收取地。该公司估算，在一个都市人严重依赖列车作为上下班交通工具的国度里，每天大约有1600万人因各种原因来到它的车站。因此，在车站收取物品使消费者节省了路途而且也不像往家里递送那样容易丢失。东日本铁路已经开始把车站的便利店用于这一目的，但它打算为网上货物的递送创立专门的空间。
该公司还打算引入智能卡(在日本称为IC卡，因为它们利用集成电路储存信息)取代目前使用的磁卡作为车票和定期券，把各种不同的票券合为一体。这将为公司节省资金，因为IC卡的读卡机比磁系统要便宜的多。IC卡使用的增加还将会减少售票所占用的空间。
答案：1.C 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.A 11.C 12.B 13.D 14.B 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.C 20.A
text three
A recent poll indicated that half the teenagers in the United States believe that communication between them and their parents is__1__and further that one of the prime causes of this gap is __2__listening behavior. As a(an)__3__ in point，one parent believed that her daughter had a severe__4__problem. She was so __5__that she took her to an audiologist to have her ear tested. The audiologist carefully tested both ears and reported back to the parent：“There‘s nothing wrong with her hearing. She’s just __6__you out.”
A leading cause of the __7__divorce rate(more than half of all marriages end in divorce)is the failure of husbands and wives to __8__effectively. They don‘t listen to each other. Neither person__9__to the actual message sent by the other. In __10__fashion，political scientists report that a growing number of people believe that their elected and __11__officials are out of__12__with the constituents they are supposedly __13__. Why?Because they don’t believe that they listen to them. In fact，it seems that sometimes our politicians don‘t even listen to themselves. The following is a true story：At a national__14__conference held in Albuquerque some years ago，then Senator Joseph Montoya was__15__a copy of a press release by a press aide shortly before he got up before the audience to__16__ a speech. When he rose to speak，__17__the horror of the press aide and the__18__of his audience，Montoya began reading the press release，not his speech. He began，“For immediate release. Senator Joseph M. Montoya，Democrat of New Mexico，last night told the National……”Montoya read the entire six-page release，__19__ with the statement that he“was repeatedly __20__by applause.”
1.[A] scarce [B] little [C] rare [D] poor
2.[A] malignant [B] deficient [C] ineffective [D] feeble
3.[A] case [B] example [C] lesson [D] suggestion
4.[A] audio [B] aural [C] hearing [D] listening
5.[A] believing [B] convinced [C] assured [D] doubtless
6.[A] turning [B] tuning [C] tucking [D] tugging
7.[A] rising [B] arising [C] raising [D] arousing
8.[A] exchange [B] interchange [C] encounter [D] interact
9.[A] relates [B] refers [C] responds [D] resorts
10.[A] like [B] alike [C] likely [D] likewise
11.[A] nominated [B] selected [C] appointed [D] supported
12.[A] connection [B] reach [C] association [D] touch
13.[A] leading [B] representing [C]delegating [D] supporting
14.[A] legislative [B] legitimate [C] legalized [D] liberal
15.[A] distributed [B] awarded [C] handed [D] submitted
16.[A] present [B] publish [C] deliver [D] pursue
17.[A] to [B] with [C] for [D] on
18.[A] joy [B] enjoyment [C] amusement [D] delight
19.[A] conclude [B] to conclude [C] concluding [D] concluded
20.[A] disrupted [B] interfered [C] interrupted [D] stopped
总体分析本文主要讨论了听行为对人际交流的影响。文章第一段从父母和子女之间的交流出发，说明儿女不听父母的话造成了他们之间的隔阂。第二段从婚姻的角度出发，说明夫妻双方的互不理睬造成交流不畅，从而使离婚率上升。第三段从政治的角度出发，说明政府官员不聆听选民甚至不在意自己所说的话，造成官民隔阂。例证法是本文采用的主要的论证方法。
全文翻译：最近的一项民意测验显示：美国一半的青少年认为他们与父母的交流不好，而且造成这种隔阂的一个首要原因是有不理想的倾听行为。一个典型的例子是，一位母亲认为她女儿有严重的听力问题。她对此确信无疑，于是就带着女儿去听觉病矫治专家那儿检查她的耳朵。专家仔细检查了两只耳朵，然后告诉这位母亲说：“她的听力没问题，只是不理睬你而已。”
离婚率上升(一半以上的婚姻以离婚告终)的一个首要原因是夫妻间不能有效地交流。他们彼此充耳不闻。两人对对方发出的确切信息都毫无反应。
同样地，据政治科学家报道，越来越多的人相信他们选举指派的官员与其本应代表的选民失去了联系。为什么呢?因为这些人认为他们不需要倾听选民的意见。实际上，有时我们的政治家们似乎连自己的声音都不听。下面是一个真实的例子：在几年前亚柏克尔克举行的全国立法会议上，一位新闻助理在当时的参议员约瑟夫。蒙图亚演讲前交给了他一份新闻稿。令该新闻助理大吃一惊而使听众感到有趣的是，当蒙图亚起来讲话时，他读的不是演讲稿而是那份新闻稿。蒙图亚先生以“即时新闻稿。新墨西哥州的民主党参议员约瑟夫。蒙图亚昨晚在全国……上说……”开始，读完了全部的六页新闻稿，并以他“不时被掌声打断”结尾。
答案：1.D 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.D 9.C 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.C 17.A 18.C 19.C 20.C
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