新版大学英语综合教程第二版第四册第四课课文翻译（通用11篇）
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新版大学英语综合教程第二版第四册第四课课文翻译 篇1
Globalization is sweeping aside national borders and changing relations between nations. What impact does this have on national identities and loyalties? Are they strengthened or weakened? The author investigates.
全球化正在扫除国界、改变国与国之间的关系。这对国家的认同和对国家的忠诚会带来什么影响呢?它们会得到加强还是削弱?作者对这些问题进行了探讨。
In Search of Davos ManPeter Gumbel
1. William Browder was born in Princeton, New Jersey, grew up in Chicago, and studied at Stanford University in California. But don't call him an American. For the past 16 of his 40 years he has lived outside the U.S., first in London and then, from 1996, in Moscow, where he runs his own investment firm. Browder now manages $1.6 billion in assets. In 1998 he gave up his American passport to become a British citizen, since his life is now centered in Europe. "National identity makes no difference for me," he says. "I feel completely international. If you have four good friends and you like what you are doing, it doesn't matter where you are. That's globalization."
寻找达沃斯人
彼得·甘贝尔
威廉·布劳德出生于新泽西州的普林斯顿，在芝加哥长大，就读于加利福尼亚州的斯坦福大学。但别叫他美国人。他今年40岁，过去16年来一直生活在美国以外的地方，先是在伦敦，1996年后在莫斯科经营他自己的投资公司。布劳德如今掌管着价值16亿美元的资产。1998年，他放弃美国护照，成为英国公民，因为他现在的生活中心在欧洲。“国家认同对我来说不重要，”他说，“我觉得自己完全是个国际人。如果你有四个朋友，又喜欢你所做的事情，那么你在哪儿无关紧要。这就是全球化。”
2. Alex Mandl is also a fervent believer in globalization, but he views himself very differently. A former president of AT&T, Mandl, 61, was born in Austria and now runs a French technology company, which is doing more and more business in China. He reckons he spends about 90% of his time traveling on business. But despite all that globetrotting, Mandl who has been a U.S. citizen for 45 years still identifies himself as an American. "I see myself as American without any hesitation. The fact that I spend a lot of time in other places doesn't change that," he says.
亚历克斯·曼德尔也是全球化的狂热信徒，但他对自己的看法与布劳德不同。61岁的曼德尔曾任美国电报电话公司总裁。他出生于奥地利，现在经营着一家法国技术公司，该公司在中国的业务与日俱增。他估计自己几乎90%的时间都花在出差上。然而，尽管曼德尔全球到处跑，已经做了45年美国公民的他还是认为自己是个美国人。“我毫不迟疑地把自己当作美国人。我在其他地方度过很多时间，但是这一事实不能改变我是美国人，”他说。
3. Although Browder and Mandl define their nationality differently, both see their identity as a matter of personal choice, not an accident of birth. And not incidentally, both are Davos Men, members of the international business élite who trek each year to the Swiss Alpine town for the annual meeting of the World Economic Forum, founded in 1971. This week, Browder and Mandl will join more than 2,200 executives, politicians, academics, journalists, writers and a handful of Hollywood stars for five days of networking, parties and endless earnest discussions about everything from post-election Iraq and HIV in Africa to the global supply of oil and the implications of nanotechnology. Yet this year, perhaps more than ever, a hot topic at Davos is Davos itself. Whatever their considerable differences, most Davos Men and Women share at least one belief: that globalization, the unimpeded flows of capital, labor and technology across national borders, is both welcome and unstoppable. They see the world increasingly as one vast, interconnected marketplace in which corporations search for the most advantageous locations to buy, produce and sell their goods and services.
虽然布劳德和曼德尔对各自的国籍界定不同，他们都将国籍视为个人选择，而不是由出生地决定的。而且，他俩都是达沃斯人，这可不是巧合。达沃斯人指的是那些每年长途跋涉去瑞士阿尔卑斯山区小城达沃斯参加年度世界经济论坛——该论坛始于1971年——的国际商业精英们。本周，布劳德和曼德尔将同其他2200余名企业高管、政界人士、学者、记者、作家和少数几位好莱坞明星一起，参加为时五天的交际活动、宴会和没完没了的认真的讨论。讨论话题林林总总，从大选后的伊拉克和非洲的艾滋病病毒到全球的石油供应和纳米技术的重大意义。然而今年，或许比以往更甚的是，达沃斯论坛的一个热门话题就是达沃斯本身。尽管与会男女各不相同，但他们大多数有一个共同信念：全球化，亦即资本、劳动力和技术不受阻碍地跨国界流动，是值得欢迎和不可阻挡的。在他们看来，世界越来越像一个巨大的互相联系的市场。在这个市场里，企业寻求采购、生产及销售产品和服务的最佳地点。
新版大学英语综合教程第二版第四册第四课课文翻译 篇2
4. As borders and national identities become less important, some find that threatening and even dangerous. In an essay entitled "Dead Souls: The Denationalization of the American Elite," Harvard Professor Samuel Huntington describes Davos Man (a phrase that first got widespread attention in the 1990s) as an emerging global superspecies and a threat. The members of this class, he writes, are people who "have little need for national loyalty, view national boundaries as obstacles that thankfully are vanishing, and see national governments as residues from the past whose only useful function is to facilitate the élite's global operations." Huntington argues that Davos Man's global-citizen self-image is starkly at odds with the values of most Americans, who remain deeplycommitted to their nation. This disconnect, he says, creates "a major cultural fault line. In a variety of ways, the American establishment, governmental and private, has become increasingly divorced from the American people."
随着边界和对国家的认同变得越来越不重要，有些人将此视作威胁，甚至危险。哈佛大学教授塞缪尔·亨廷顿在一篇题为《死魂灵：美国精英的去国家化》的论文中将达沃斯人(该说法最早在20世纪90年代引起广泛注意)描写成为一个新兴的全球超级物种和威胁。他写道，该阶层的成员“不要什么对国家的忠诚，视国界为障碍，而万幸的是这种障碍正在消失，他们还把国家的政府看作是历史遗留下来的东西，它们唯一的用处就是为精英们的全球运营提供方便。”亨廷顿提出，达沃斯人以全球公民自居的自我形象，与大多数美国人的价值观完全相悖。后者依然坚定地忠于他们自己的国家。他说，这种脱节造成了“一个重大的文化断层。在种种意义上，美国政府和私营企业的当权派们与美国大众渐行渐远。”
R T 5. Naturally, many Davos Men don't accept Huntington's terms. Klaus Schwab, the founder and executive chairman of the World Economic Forum, argues that endorsing a global outlook does not mean erasing national identity. "Globalization can never provide us with cultural identity, which needs to be local and national in nature."
许多达沃斯人自然不同意亨廷顿的说法。世界经济论坛的创始人兼执行主席克劳斯·施瓦布争辩说，支持全球观并不意味着抹去对国家的认同。“全球化决无可能给予我们文化认同，因为后者在本质上必须是本土的、民族的。”
6. Global trade has been around for centuries; the corporations and countries that benefited from it were largely content to treat vast parts of the world as places to mine natural resources or sell finished products. Even as the globalization of capital accelerated in the 1980s, most foreign investment was between relatively wealthy countries, not from wealthy countries into poorer ones. U.S. technology, companies and money were often at the forefront of this movement.
全球贸易已经持续了几个世纪;过去从中获益的企业和国家在很大程度上满足于将世界上的广大地区视为自然资源的开采地或成品的销售地。即便到了20世纪80年代，资本全球化已经加速，大多数外国投资仍在相对富裕的国家之间进行，而不是从富裕国家流向较贫穷国家。美国的技术、企业和资金通常处于这一流动的前沿。
7. However the past two decades have witnessed the rise of other significant players. The developed world is beating a path to China's and India's door — and Chinese and Indian companies, in turn, have started to look overseas for some of their future growth. Beijing has even started what it calls a "Going Out" policy that encourages Chinese firms to buy assets overseas. Asian nations are creating "a remarkable environment of innovation," says John Chambers, chief executive of Cisco Systems. "China and India are graduating currently more than five times the number of engineers that we are here in the U.S." That means that U.S. and European companies are now facing high-quality, low-cost competition from overseas. No wonder so many Western workers worry about losing their jobs. " If the issue is the size of the total pie, globalization has proved a good thing," says Orit Gadiesh, chairman of consultants Bain & Co. "If the issue is how the pie is divided, if you're in the Western world you could question that."
然而，在过去二十年间，另外一些重大参与者出现了。发达国家正在开辟一条通向中国和印度大门的道路——而中国和印度的公司又将眼光投向海外，寻找未来增长的机会。北京甚至提出了“走出去”的政策，鼓励中国企业购买海外资产。亚洲各国正在形成“一个创新的卓越环境，”思科系统公司的首席执行官约翰·钱伯斯如是说。“目前中国和印度的工科大学毕业生是我们美国的五倍还多。”这就意味着美国和欧洲的公司现在面临来自海外的高质量、低成本的竞争。毋怪乎这么多西方工人担心失业。“如果问题涉及的是整个蛋糕的大小，那全球化已经被证明是件好事。”贝恩管理咨询公司的董事长奥里特·加迪西说，“如果问题在于蛋糕怎么分，而你又是西方人，那你就会质疑全球化。”
新版大学英语综合教程第二版第四册第四课课文翻译 篇3
8. The biggest shift may just be starting. A landmark 2003 study by Goldman Sachs predicted that four economies — Russia, Brazil, India and China — will become a much larger force in the world economy than widely expected, based on projections of demographic and economic growth, with China potentially overtaking Germany this decade. By 2050, Goldman Sachs suggested, these four newcomers will likely have displaced all but the U.S. and Japan from the top six economies in the world.
最大的变化也许刚刚开始。高盛集团2003年做的一项意义深远的研究预测说，根据对各国人口和经济增长的预计，四大经济体——俄罗斯、巴西、印度和中国——在世界经济中的力量将超过普遍预期。中国的经济实力可能就在这个十年内赶超德国。高盛集团说，到2050年，这四大新经济体将有可能取代目前世界六个最大经济体中除了美国和日本之外的四个经济体。
9. It's also entirely possible that the near future may see the pendulum of capital swing away from Davos Man-style globalization. One counterpoint is Manila Woman — low-paid migrant workers from Asia and elsewhere who are increasingly providing key services around the world. Valerie Gooding, the chief executive of British health care company BUPA, says the British and U.S. health care system would break down without immigrant nurses from the Philippines, India, Nigeria and elsewhere. Unlike Davos Man, she says, they're not ambivalent about being strongly patriotic.
近期资本流动也完全有可能脱离达沃斯人式的全球化的轨迹。与达沃斯人相对的是马尼拉女人。这些来自亚洲和其他地方的低薪流动劳工正在全球提供越来越多的关键服务。英国一家医疗保健公司保柏集团的首席执行官瓦莱丽·戈丁说，要是没有来自菲律宾、印度、尼日利亚和其他地方的移民护士，英美两国的医疗保健体系就会崩溃。她说，这些人跟达沃斯人不一样，他们毫不掩饰自己的强烈爱国情绪。
10. Not all Davos Men seek global markets, either. Patrick Sayer runs a private equity firm in France called Eurazeo, and complains there are still too many barriers to cross-border business in Europe, let alone the world. So he's focused Eurazeo on its domestic market. "I profit from being French in France. It's easier for me to do deals," Sayer says."It's the same elsewhere. If you're not Italian in Italy, you won't succeed."
也不是所有达沃斯人都在追逐全球市场。帕特里克· 塞尔在法国经营一家名为尤拉吉奥投资集团的私募股权公司。他抱怨说，欧洲跨国界经营中还有太多障碍，更别提全球经营了。所以他的尤拉吉奥投资集团专注于国内市场。“我是法国人，在法国做生意，对我而言要方便得多。”塞尔说。“别处也一样。如果你不是意大利人，而在意大利做生意，你没办法成功。”
11. That may sound like a narrow nationalism, yet it contains a hidden wisdom. Recall that Italy itself was, until 1861, not a unified nation but an aggregation of city-states. Despite tension between its north and south, there's no contradiction between maintaining a regional identity and a national one. Marco Tronchetti Provera, chairman of Telecom Italia, for example, can feel both Milanese and Italian at once, even as he runs a company that is aspiring to become a bigger international presence. The question is whether it will take another 140 years for Davos Man to figure out how to strike the same balance on a global scale.
这听上去也许像狭隘民族主义，但内中确大有学问。回想一下，在1861年前，意大利还不是一个统一的国家，而是由城邦组成的结合体。尽管意大利南北方之间关系紧张，保持地区认同和国家认同之间并无矛盾。例如，意大利电信公司的董事长马尔科·特隆切蒂·普罗维拉觉得自己是个米兰人，同时又是个意大利人，尽管他经营的公司正力图获得更大的国际影响力。问题是，达沃斯人是否需要再花上140年，才能搞明白如何在全球规模上取得同样的平衡。
新版大学英语综合教程第二版第四册第四课课文翻译 篇4
Blue sky mold - creates brilliance
The blue sky mould company is one of the most famous extrusion mould manufacturers in China. We have two subsidiaries of TA mould company and TC mould company, four levels of mould and hundreds of product groups.
Established in 1993, TA mould company covers an area of 30 acres and is located in ningbo city, zhejiang province, known as the "hometown of mould" and "plastic kingdom". In 2007, to expand the company's entry into the world market, we built a new TC mould company.
As an experienced professional mould manufacturer, we have established a unique and complete mould manufacturing theory of extrusion system. We are in the leading position in mould design, thermal plastic precision slow motion control, PVC low foaming technology, WPC raw material formula, extrusion molding operation technology and so on.
Many of the mould products we have developed are widely used in construction materials, decoration, packaging and other industries, including daily necessities.
We are committed to creating brilliance in every field. In order to achieve such a goal, we work closely with our customers and work together to meet customer requirements with the most competitive price and optimal quality.
We are proud to be able to provide expert support and advice to our clients and to provide solutions for customers to select or develop efficient tooling products that meet their own requirements. Our technical team can provide services to all phases of your business and provide on-site operational training to enable customers to use products more effectively. In addition, we are not satisfied with the status quo, we have never stopped the pace of progress, and constantly strive to improve product service and quality.
Since we have abundant experience, advanced equipment and efficient production system, our products have been exported to more than 40 countries and regions, including Europe, America, southeast Asia and central Asia. We will try our best to provide the best extrusion mould and all-round technical support to our customers all over the world.
We are willing to join hands with you to create a brilliant future!
蓝天模具——创造辉煌
蓝天模具公司是中国最著名的挤压式模具生产厂家之一。我们拥有TA 模具公司和TC 模具公司两家分公司、四个级别的模具和上百种产品组。
TA 模具公司建于1993 年，占地面积达30英亩，位于久负盛名的“模具之乡”和“塑料王国”之称的城市——浙江省宁波市。2007 年，为了扩大企业进军世界市场，我们又新建一个TC 模具公司。
作为经验丰富的专业的模具生产商，我们已创立了一套独特而完整的挤压式集成系统模具制造理论。我们在模具设计、热塑精密缓动控制、PVC 低发泡技术、WPC 原料配方、挤压成型操作技术等方面都处于领先地位。
我们研发的众多模具产品被广泛地用于建筑材料业、装饰业、包装等行业，包括日常生活用品。
我们致力于在各个领域创造辉煌。为了达成这样的目标，我们与客户紧密合作，共同努力，以最具有竞争力的价格、最优的品质满足客户要求。
能够为客户提供专家支持与建议，并为客户选择或开发符合自身要求的高效的模具产品提供解决方案，我们感到很自豪。我们的技术团队能够为您业务的各个阶段提供服务，并为客户提供现场操作培训，以使客户能够更有效地使用产品。除此之外，我们不满足于现状，从未停止过前进的脚步，不断追求提高产品服务与质量。
由于我们有丰富的经验、先进的设备和高效的生产体系，我们的产品已出口40 多个国家和地区，包括欧洲、美洲、东南亚和中亚等。我们将尽力为全球的客户提供中国最好的挤压式模具和全方位的技术支持。
我们愿和您携手共创灿烂美好的明天！
新版大学英语综合教程第二版第四册第四课课文翻译 篇5
Computer aided design
Computer aided design (CAD) is the use of computer technology to assist in design, especially for drawing of parts or products. Nowadays, CAD is a very important technology, because compared to manual mapping, it greatly improves work efficiency. There are many advantages to using CAD, such as reducing product development cost, shortening design cycle, etc. CAD allows the designer to design and refine the work on the screen, print it out, or store it for future editing, saving the drawing time.
There are several types of CAD. Each requires the operator to think differently, and he has to think about how to use these types and how to design the virtual components in different ways.
Low-end two-dimensional systems have many sources. Thus, in the design process of the final drawing, because of the need to adjust at any time, avoid the trouble of hand-drawing drawings in scope and layout, and provide a new path. With their help, designers don't have to worry about the scope and layout of the drawings.
The three-dimensional frame is basically an extension of two-dimensional drawing. Each line has to be added by hand. The final product has no quality attributes associated with it, nor does it directly add features. Creating three-dimensional entities is akin to controlling objects in the real world. The basic three-dimensional geometry model can be added or subtracted from the physical product, just like a combination or cutting of a real object. Two dimensional projection views can be easily generated from these models.
Three-dimensional parametric entity modeling requires operators to use the so-called "design concept". The objects and features of creation can be adjusted. Future changes are simple, difficult, or almost impossible, depending on how the original parts are created. If you want to from parts center to locate a particular characteristics, so the operator is from the center of the model to locate it, and may not be like when using the entity modeling, from a close edge or any point to locate. Parametric entity modeling requires the operator to consider the consequences of the behavior.
In principle, the entire design process can be used for CAD, but in fact, it has a limited role in the initial stage, because the bulk of the design is sketching. Several newly developed software can be used in the early stages of design. But how they work, and how wide they are, remains to be seen.
计算机辅助设计
计算机辅助设计（CAD）就是运用计算机技术对设计加以辅助，特别是对部件或产品的绘图进行辅助。如今，CAD 已是一项非常重要的技术，因为相较于手工制图，它大大提高了工作效率。使用CAD 有诸多益处，如降低产品开发成本、缩短设计周期等。CAD 使设计者能在屏幕上设计、完善作品，将它打印出来，或储存起来以便将来编辑，节省了制图的时间。
CAD 分几个种类。每一种都要求操作者进行不同的思考，他得考虑要怎样运用这些类型，并以怎样不同的方式来设计虚拟元件。
低端的二维系统有很多源程序。这样，在最终图纸的设计过程中由于可以随时按要求调整，就避免了手绘图纸在范围和布局上的.麻烦，提供了一种新的路径。有了它们的帮助，设计者就不必担心图纸的范围和布局。
三维线框基本上是二维制图的延伸。每根线条都得手工加入。最终成品没有与之相关的质量属性，也不能直接加入特征。创作三维实体建模类似于控制现实世界中的物体。基本的三维几何形模型都可以在上面加上或减去实体积，就像组合或切割现实的物体。从这些模型中能很容易地生成二维投影视图。
三维参数化实体建模要求操作者运用所谓的“设计理念”。创作的客体和特征都可以调整。将来的改动是简单、困难，还是几乎不可能，都有赖于原部件的创造方式。如果要从部件的中心来定位某一特征，那么操作者就得从模型的中心来定位它，而可能不是像使用实体建模时那样，从一条近便的边或任意一点去定位。参数化实体建模要求操作者要考虑清楚行为的后果。
原则上，整个设计过程都可以用到CAD，但实际上，它在初期的作用有限，因为那时大量用到的是草图。如今有几个新研制的软件可用于设计初期。不过，它们效用如何，运用范围多广，尚待分晓。
新版大学英语综合教程第二版第四册第四课课文翻译 篇6
China's air compressor market - past and future
As a general machinery, gas compressors are widely used in industries such as petrochemicals, steel, metallurgy and automobiles. Gas compressor is mainly divided into several types, including centrifugal compressor, reciprocating compressor and piston compressor.
China's gas compressor manufacturing industry has developed rapidly in recent years. In 2007, the 355 companies in the gas compressor industry sales income of more than $5 million last year, the output value reached 5.693 billion yuan, the percentage of the output value in the whole machinery industry is 0.78, 0.03% higher than the year before. In addition, other indicators have increased, such as new product output, industrial sales value and export value.
2009 worldwide is experiencing a severe recession, but said that the industry will be affected by a lot of it is too early, because the Chinese government has taken some effective measures to deal with this problem. China has a relatively fierce competition and relatively low concentration in the gas compressor manufacturing industry. Gas compressor manufacturer in China, mainly distributed in the eastern coastal areas, and in the western region (including southwest and northwest) this kind of company is less, where there is a huge market potential, the gas compressor industry can get further development.
In the eleventh five-year plan period (2006-2010), in some industries, such as: petrochemical, chemical, textile, metallurgical, coal/power/oil and localization of large complete sets of equipment for the development of China's gas compressor manufacturing industry to provide huge business opportunities. Under the plan from 2006 to 2010, China will build a number of important projects in key industries. In China's nuclear power industry, for example, five years will be set up more than 20 plant, not only for the rapid development of gas compressor manufacturing industry has provided a broad market, but also to accelerate improving the quality of the gas compressor provides a unique opportunity.
中国的空气压缩机市场——过去和将来
作为一种通用机械，气体压缩机广泛应用于诸如石油化工、钢铁、冶金和汽车等行业。气体压缩机主要分为几种类型，包括离心压缩机、往复式压缩机和活塞式压缩机等。
中国气体压缩机制造业近年来迅速发展。2007 年，中国355 家公司在气体压缩机工业上年销售收入超过500 万美元，其产值达到56.93 亿人民币，这个产值在整个机械行业的百分比为0.78，比前一年高0.03 个百分点。此外，其他指标也有所增加，例如，新产品产值，工业销售产值和出口交货值。
2009 年正在经历一场世界范围内严重的经济衰退，但是说这一行业也将受到很大的影响却是言之尚早，因为我国政府已经采取了一些有效的措施来处理这一问题。目前在气压缩机制造行业，中国有一个相对激烈的竞争和相对较低的行业集中。中国的气体压缩机制造商，主要分布在东部沿海地区，而在西部地区（包括西南和西北）这类公司较少，在那里存在着巨大的市场潜力，气体压缩机产业可以得到进一步发展。
在第十一个五年计划期间（2006–2010 年），在一些行业，例如：石化、化工、纺织、煤炭/电力/ 石油和冶金，大型成套设备的本地化将为发展中国的气体压缩机制造业提供巨大的商机。在2006–2010 年期间根据计划，中国将建造重点行业中大量的重要项目。例如，在中国核电工业，五年时间里将建立20 多个核电站，这不仅为迅速发展气体压缩机制造业提供了广阔的市场，而且还为加速改善气体压缩机质量提供了一个独特的机会。
新版大学英语综合教程第二版第四册第四课课文翻译 篇7
1 Even the automobile industry, which has remained largely unchanged for the last seventy years, is about to feel the effects of the computer revolution.
即便是过去70年间基本上没有多少变化的汽车工业，也将感受到计算机革命的影响。
2 The automobile industry ranks as among the most lucrative and powerful industries of the twentieth century. There are presently 500 million cars on earth, or one car for every ten people. Sales of the automobile industry stand at about a trillion dollars, making it the world's biggest manufacturing industry.
汽车工业是20世纪最赚钱、最有影响力的产业之一。目前世界上有5亿辆车，或者说每10人就有1辆车。汽车工业的销售额达一万亿美元左右，从而成为世界上最大的制造业。
3 The car, and the roads it travels on, will be revolutionized in the twenty-first century. The key to tomorrow's "smart cars" will be sensors. "We'll see vehicles and roads that see and hear and feel and smell and talk and act," predicts Bill Spreitzer, technical director of General Motors Corporation's ITS program, which is designing the smart car and road of the future.
汽车及其行驶的道路，将在21世纪发生重大变革。未来“智能汽车”的关键在于传感器。“我们会见到能看、能听、有知觉、具嗅觉、会说话并能采取行动的车辆与道路，”正在设计未来智能汽车和智能道路的通用汽车公司ITS项目的技术主任比尔?斯普雷扎预言道。
4 Approximately 40,000 people are killed each year in the United States in traffic accidents. The number of people that are killed or badly injured in car accidents is so vast that we don't even bother to mention them in the newspapers anymore. Fully half of these fatalities come from drunk drivers, and many others from carelessness. A smart car could eliminate most of these car accidents. It can sense if a driver is drunk via electronic sensors that can pick up alcohol vapor in the air, and refuse to start up the engine. The car could also alert the police and provide its precise location if it is stolen.
美国每年有大约4万人死于交通事故。在汽车事故中死亡或严重受伤的人数太多，我们已经不屑在报纸上提及。这些死亡的人中至少有半数是酒后开车者造成的，另有许多死亡事故是驾驶员不小心所导致。智能汽车能消除绝大多数这类汽车事故。它能通过会感测空气中的酒精雾气的电子传感器检测开车者是否喝醉酒，并拒绝启动引擎。这种车还能在遇窃后通报警方，告知车辆的确切地点。
5 Smart cars have already been built which can monitor one's driving and the driving conditions nearby. Small radars hidden in the bumpers can scan for nearby cars. Should you make a serious driving mistake (e.g., change lanes when there is a car in your "blind spot") the computer would sound an immediate warning. 能监控行车过程以及周围行车状况的智能汽车已经建造出来。藏在保险杠里的微型雷达能对周围的汽车作扫描。如果你发生重大行车失误(如变道时有车辆你“盲点”内)，计算机立即会发出警报。
6 At the MIT Media Lab, a prototype is already being built which will determine how sleepy you are as you drive, which is especially important for long-distance truck drivers. The monotonous, almost hypnotic process of staring at the center divider for long hours is a grossly underestimated, life-threatening hazard. To eliminate this, a tiny camera hidden in the dashboard can be trained on a driver's face and eyes. If the driver's eyelids close for a certain length of time and his or her driving becomes erratic, a computer in the dashboard could alert the driver.
在麻省理工学院媒介实验室，业已制造出能测知你行车时有多少睡意的样车，这对长途卡车司机意义尤其重要。一连数小时注视着中夹分道线这样一个单调、几乎能催眠的过程是被严重低估的威胁生命的重大隐患。为消除这一隐患，藏在仪表板里的一架微型相机可对准开车者的脸部及眼睛。如果司机的眼帘合上一定时间，行车变得不稳，仪表板里的计算机就会向司机发出警报。
7 Two of the most frustrating things about driving a car are getting lost and getting stuck in traffic. While the computer revolution is unlikely to cure these problems, it will have a positive impact. Sensors in your car tuned to radio signals from orbiting satellites can locate your car precisely at any moment and warn of traffic jams. We already have twenty-four Navstar satellites orbiting the earth, making up what is called the Global Positioning System. They make it possible to determine your location on the earth to within about a hundred feet. At any given time, there are several GPS satellites orbiting overhead at a distance of about 11,000 miles. Each satellite contains four "atomic clocks," which vibrate at a precise frequency, according to the laws of the quantum theory.
开车最头疼的两个麻烦是迷路和交通堵塞。虽然计算机革命不可能彻底解决这两个问题，但却会带来积极的影响。你汽车上与绕轨道运行的卫星发出的无线电信号调谐的传感器能随时精确地确定你汽车的方位，并告知交通阻塞情况。我们已经有24颗环绕地球运行的导航卫星，组成了人们所说的全球卫星定位系统。通过这些卫星我们有可能以小于100英尺的误差确定你在地球上的方位。在任何一个特定时间，总有若干颗全球定位系统的卫星在11000英里的高空绕地球运行。每颗卫星都装有4个“原子钟”，它们根据量子理论法则，以精确的频率振动。
8 As a satellite passes overhead, it sends out a radio signal that can be detected by a receiver in a car's computer. The car's computer can then calculate how far the satellite is by measuring how long it took for the signal to arrive. Since the speed of light is well known, any delay in receiving the satellite's signal can be converted into a distance.
卫星从高空经过时发出能被汽车上计算机里的接收器辨认的无线电信号。汽车上的计算机就会根据信号传来所花的时间计算出卫星有多远。由于光速为人熟知，接收卫星信号时的任何时间迟缓都能折算出距离的远近。
9 In Japan there are already over a million cars with some type of navigational capability. (Some of them locate a car's position by correlating the rotations in the steering wheel to its position on a map.)
在日本，具有某种导航能力的汽车已有一百万辆之多。(有些导航装置通过将方向盘的转动与汽车在地图上的位置并置来测定汽车的方位。)
10 With the price of microchips dropping so drastically, future applications of GPS are virtually limitless. "The commercial industry is poised to explode," says Randy Hoffman of Magellan Systems Corp. , which manufactures navigational systems. Blind individuals could use GPS sensors in walking sticks, airplanes could land by remote control, hikers will be able to locate their position in the woods -- the list of potential uses is endless.
随着微芯片价格的大幅度下降，未来对全球卫星定位系统的应用几乎是无限的。“制造这一商品的工业定会飞速发展，”生产导航系统的麦哲伦航仪公司的兰迪?霍夫曼说。盲人可以在手杖里装配全球卫星定位系统传感器，飞机可以通过遥控着陆，徒步旅行者可以测定自己在林中的方位—其潜在的应用范围是无止境的。
11 GPS is actually but part of a larger movement, called "telematics," which will eventually attempt to put smart cars on smart highways. Prototypes of such highways already exist in Europe, and experiments are being made in California to mount computer chips, sensors, and radio transmitters on highways to alert cars to traffic jams and obstructions.
全球卫星定位系统其实只是叫做“远程信息学”的这一更大行动的一部分，这一行动最终将把智能汽车送上智能高速公路。这种高速公路的样品已经在欧洲问世，加州也在进行试验，在高速公路上安装计算机芯片、传感器和无线电发射机，以便向汽车报告交通拥挤堵塞情况。
12 On an eight-mile stretch of Interstate 15 ten miles north of San Diego, traffic engineers are installing an MIT-designed system which will introduce the "automated driver." The plan calls for computers, aided by thousands of three-inch magnetic spikes buried in the highway, to take complete control of the driving of cars on heavily trafficked roads. Cars will be bunched into groups of ten to twelve vehicles, only six feet apart, traveling in unison, and controlled by computer.
在圣迭戈以北10英里的15号州际公路一段8英里长的路面上，交通工程师正在安装一个由麻省理工学院设计的引进“自动司机”的系统。这一计划要求计算机在公路上埋设的数千个3英寸长的磁钉的协助下，在车辆极多的路段完全控制车辆的运行。车辆会编成10辆或12辆一组，车距仅6英尺，在计算机的控制下一齐行驶。
13 Promoters of this computerized highway have great hopes for its future. By 2010, telematics may well be incorporated into one of the major highways in the United States. If successful, by 2020, as the price of microchips drops to below a penny a piece, telematics could be adopted in thousands of miles of highways in the United States. This could prove to be an environmental boon as well, saving fuel, reducing traffic jams, decreasing air pollution, and serving as an alternative to highway expansion.
这种计算机化的公路的倡导者对其未来的应用充满希望。到2010年，远程信息技术很可能应用于美国的一条主要公路。如果成功的话，到2020年，当微芯片的价格降到一片一美分以下时，远程信息技术就会应用在美国成千上万英里的公路上。这对环保也会很有利，能节省燃油，减轻交通阻塞，减少空气污染，还可用作公路扩建的替代办法。
Harvey Mackay, who runs his own company, often interviews applicants for jobs. Here he lets us into the secret of what qualities an employer is looking for, and gives four tips on what can help you to stand out from the crowd.
自己经营公司的哈维?麦凯经常对求职者进行面试。文中他告诉我们关于雇主看重什么样品质的秘密，并提出4点建议，帮助你显得比众人突出。
新版大学英语综合教程第二版第四册第四课课文翻译 篇8
We have all wished, at some time or other, for a perfect memory. We want to be able to remember things in exact detail. It's too bad that we forget so much that we have learned in school and at home. How can we make a realistic opinion of ourselves if your recall of the past is neither accurate nor complete?Yet a perfect memory is not always as good as one might suppose. There was the story about a Russian journalist, S. He could remember long lists of numbers and words and many pages of a telephone book after seeing them for only a few seconds. He could repeat these lists both forward and backward, even after many years had passed. He also remembered the conditions under which he had first learned the material.S. used various memory tricks to help his memory. Many of these tricks involved forming mental pictures. But you shouldn't envy him, for he had a serious problem: he could not forget. Those mental pictures kept coming to his mind. They distracted him and made it difficult for him to concentrate.
我们都曾希望拥有完美的记忆力,想要记住事情的每一个细节。 我们会遗忘在学校和家里学到的很多东西,这太糟糕了。如果我们对过去的记忆既不准确又不完整ξ颐怯衷趺茨芄蛔龀龇合实际的自我评价呢? 然而,完美的记忆力并不总是像人们想象的那么美好。有这样一个关于俄罗斯记者“S”的故事。他只需看上几秒钟便能记住长串的数字、单词和许多页电话号码簿上的内容。甚至在多年以后,他仍能将这些长串的信息倒背如流。他还记得他第一次记这些材料时的情景。 “S”用各种各样的记忆“窍门”帮助自己记忆,其中的许多窍门涉及到在大脑中形成图像。不过,你不必羡慕他,因为他有一个很严重的问题:不会遗忘。那些大脑中的图像老是浮现在他眼前ナ顾分心,无法集中注意力。
新版大学英语综合教程第二版第四册第四课课文翻译 篇9
Iron and the Effects of Exercise
Sports medicine experts have observed for years that endurance athletes, particularly females,frequently have iron deficiencies. Now a new study by a team of Purdue University researcherssuggests that even moderate exercise may lead to reduced iron in the blood of women.
"We found that women who were normally inactive and then started a program of moderate exerciseshowed evidence of iron loss," says Roseanne M. Lyle, associate professor at Purdue. Her study of 62formerly inactive women who began exercising three times a week for six months was published in thejournal Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise.
"Women who consumed additional meat or took iron supplements were able to bounce back," shenotes. "But the new exercisers who followed their normal diet showed a decrease in iron levels."Iron deficiency is very common among women in general, affecting one in four female teenagers andone in five women aged 18 to 45, respectively. But the ratio is even greater among active women,affecting up to 80 percent of female endurance athletes. This means, Lyle says, that "too many womenignore the amount of iron they take in";. Women of child-bearing age are at greatest risk, since theirmonthly bleeding is a major source of iron loss. Plus, many health-conscious women increase their riskby rejecting red meat, which contains the most easily absorbed form of iron. And because women oftenrestrict their diet in an effort to control weight, they may not consume enough iron-rich food, and areliable to experience a deficiency.
"The average woman takes in only two thirds of the recommended daily allowance for iron," notesanother expert. "For a woman who already has a poor iron status, any additional iron loss from exercisemay be enough to tip her over the edge into a more serious deficiency," notes the expert.
Exercise can result in iron loss through a variety of mechanisms. Some iron is lost in sweat, and, forunknown reasons, intense endurance exercise is sometimes associated with bleeding of the digestivesystem. Athletes in high-impact sports such as running may also lose iron through a phenomenonwhere small blood vessels in the feet leak blood.
There are three stages of iron deficiency. The first and most common is having low iron reserves, acondition that typically has no symptoms. Fatigue and poor performance may begin to appear in thesecond stage of deficiency, when not enough iron is present to form the molecules of blood protein thattransport oxygen to the working muscles. In the third and final stage, people often feel weak, tired, andout of breath — and exercise performance is severely compromised.
"People think that if they're not at the third stage, nothing is wrong, but that's not true," says John L.
Beard, who helped design the Purdue study. "You're not stage 3 until your iron reserves go to zero, andif you wait until that point, you're in trouble."However, most people with low iron reserves don't know they have a deficiency, because traditionalmethods of calculating the amount of iron in blood (by checking levels of the blood protein thattransports oxygen) are not sufficient, Beard states. Instead, it's important to check levels of a differentcompound, which indicates the amount of storage of iron in the blood. While active, child-bearing agewomen are most likely to have low iron stores, he notes, "Men are not safe, especially if they don't eatmeat and have a high level of physical activity." (An estimated 15 percent of male long distance runnershave low iron stores.) Beard and other experts say it's advisable for people in these groups to have ayearly blood test to check blood iron reserves.
If iron levels are low, talk with a physician to see if the deficiency should be corrected by modifyingyour diet or by taking supplements. In general, it's better to undo the problem by adding more iron-rich foods to the diet, because iron supplements can have serious shortcomings. Supplements mayproduce a feeling of wanting to throw up, and may be poisonous in some cases. The best sources of iron,and the only sources of the form of iron most readily absorbed by the body, are meat, chicken, and fish.
Good sources of other forms of iron include dates, beans, and some leafy green vegetables.
"Select breads and cereals with the words 'iron-added' on the label," writes sports diet expert NancyClark. "This added iron supplements the small amount that naturally occurs in grains. Eat these foodswith plentiful Vitamin C (for example, drink orange juice with cereal or put a tomato on a sandwich) toenhance the amount of iron absorbed." Clark also recommends cooking in iron pans, as food can deriveiron from the pan during the cooking process. "The iron content of tomato sauce cooked in an iron potfor three hours showed a striking increase, the level going up nearly 30 times," she writes. And peoplewho are likely to have low iron should avoid drinking coffee or tea with meals, she says, sincesubstances in these drinks can interfere with iron being absorbed into the body.
"Active women need to be a lot more careful about their food choices," sums up Purdue's Lyle. "Ifyou pay attention to warning signs before iron reserves are gone, you can remedy the deficiency beforeit really becomes a problem."
课文翻译
运动医学专家经过多年的观察，发现耐力运动员，特别是女性，经常会缺铁。
普渡大学研究人员进行的一项新的研究表明：即使是适度的锻炼，也可能会降低女性血液中的铁含量。
“我们发现，那些通常不运动的女性一旦开始适度的锻炼，就会出现铁含量下降的迹象，”普渡大学罗斯安妮·M. 莱尔副教授说。
她对62名妇女进行了研究，并将研究结果发表在《体育运动医学与科学》杂志上。这些妇女原先不怎么运动，后来开始了为期6个月、每周3次的锻炼。
莱尔指出：“那些增食肉类食品或服用铁质补剂的女性能够恢复到健康状态。
但突然参加锻炼却仍沿用旧食谱的人则显示出铁含量降低。”
缺铁在女性中是很常见的，每四个十几岁的少女中有一人缺铁，每五个18至45岁的女性中有一人缺铁。
而在积极锻炼的妇女中这一比例更高，女耐力运动员中，缺铁者比例则高达80%。
莱尔说，这意味着 “太多女性忽视了自己摄入的铁含量”。
育龄女性危险最大，因为月经是铁流失的重要原因之一。
此外，许多保健意识太强的女性也很危险，因为她们拒绝食用牛肉或羊肉，而这些肉中含有的铁最易被吸收。
而且，由于女性常常为了控制体重而节食，从而未能摄取足够的含铁丰富的食物，结果可能导致缺铁。
另一名专家指出，“普通女性每天摄入的铁只是应摄入量的三分之二。”
他指出，“对于那些已经缺铁的女性，任何因锻炼而产生的更多铁质流失都足以导致体内缺铁状况的恶化。”
运动可能通过多种机制导致铁流失。
有些铁随汗液流失。另外，由于某些未知的原因，高强度的耐力运动有时会引起消化系统内出血。
运动员从事跑步之类高强度剧烈运动，也可能会因为足部血管失血的现象而使铁质流失。
缺铁分为三个阶段：
第一也即最常见的阶段，是铁质储量不足。这一阶段一般没有症状。
到了缺铁的第二阶段，就会出现疲倦和力不从心，此时体内已没有足够的铁来形成血蛋白分子，将氧输至运动肌肉。
在第三即最后阶段，人常常感到虚弱、疲乏无力、喘不过气，运动成绩大打折扣。
“人们认为，只要不到第三阶段就不会有什么问题。这种想法是不对的。” 帮助设计普渡大学研究的约翰·L. 比尔德说。
“只有当你的铁储量为零时，你才会进入第三阶段。而你若坐等到这个时候，你的麻烦就大了。”
然而，比尔德指出，大多数铁质储量低的人并未意识到自己缺铁，因为传统的检测血液中铁含量的方法──检验血液中输送氧气的血蛋白的含量──是不够的。
其实，有必要检查血液中另一种混合成分的含量，它可以显示血液中的铁含量。
他还指出，虽然积极锻炼的育龄妇女最有可能铁含量低，“但男性也并非不缺铁，尤其是在他们不吃肉类而又从事高强度的体力活动的情况下。”
（估计有15%的男性长跑运动员铁含量低。）比尔德和其他专家都说，对这些人而言，最好每年验一次血，以测定血液中的铁含量。
如果铁含量低，就要去看医生，以确定是否该通过调整饮食或服用铁质补剂来校正不足。
一般说来，解决问题的最好方法是在食谱中增加含铁丰富的食物，因为铁质补剂可能存在严重缺陷。“服用铁质补剂可能使人想呕吐，有时甚至还会引起中毒。
最好的铁来源，以及唯一最易为身体所吸收的铁来源，是肉、鸡和鱼。
其他较好的铁质来源包括枣、豆类和一些多叶绿色蔬菜。”
“选择那些标有‘加铁’字样的面包和麦片，” 运动营养专家南希·克拉克写道，
“这些增加的铁质补充了谷物中自然含铁量的不足。将这些食物与含有大量维生素C的食物一起食用──比如吃麦片时喝橘子汁，或在三明治内夹上番茄──可以促进铁质吸收。”
克拉克还建议用铁锅烹食，因为烹调过程中食物能从铁锅中吸收铁质。
她写道，“在铁锅内烹煮了3个小时的番茄汁，其铁含量大大提高，增加到原来的30倍左右。” 她说，铁含量可能低的人，吃饭时应避免喝咖啡或饮茶，因为这些饮料中所含的物质会妨碍身体对铁质的吸收。
“运动女性应特别注意选择饮食。”普渡大学的莱尔总结说：
“如果你在铁含量流失之前就注意到了警告信号，你就可以在它真正成为问题之前弥补铁质的不足。”
正如运动能强心、健肺、固骨、强肌一样，运动也能健脑。
对动物的一系列科学研究表明，体育活动对智力的发挥有积极作用。
伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳──尚佩恩分校的大脑科学家威廉·格里诺说，“很明显，运动使大脑受益。”
他对老鼠的研究已经表明运动具有两大功效：高强度体育运动给大脑提供更多的燃料，而技巧性运动则增强大脑神经的联结。依照某些科学家的见解，这种联结能使大脑更好地处理信息。
在一项实验中，实验鼠被分成三组：
第一组在自动轮中跑动，第二组通过一种复杂的越障训练来提高技能，第三组则不做任何运动。
“与跑动的和不运动的老鼠相比，经过越障训练的老鼠的脑神经联结数更多。”格里诺说，
“相比之下，在自动轮中跑动的老鼠，较之其他两组的老鼠，其大脑的血管密度更大。”
他说，学习一种新的舞步和学习一种语言一样，都能促进大脑发展。
如果这种舞蹈还是一种良好的体育运动，则益处加倍。格里诺的另一组实验显示，年轻的大脑尤其能够通过运动来增强能力。这组实验表明，从小就锻炼的老鼠，其大脑的变化最为显著。
他说尽管动物不是人，但依此推断锻炼对老鼠带来的作用同样适用于人类也合乎逻辑。
对人类的研究主要集中在老年人身上。其结果表明，经常锻炼能提高大脑处理信息的速度。
伊利诺伊大学阿瑟·克雷默测量的结果表明，63至82岁不运动的人，在完成为期10周的水上运动课程之后，听音击键的反应加快了。
对照组没有经过锻炼，其反应速度没有提高。
接受运动训练之后，人的反应速度可能会加快，这是因为与衰老有关的机能衰退实际上源于体质下降。
一些科学家推测，除了药物作用和饮食不当等相关因素外，常常归咎于衰老的大脑功能下降实际上可能是不注意保持体育运动带来的一种后果。
亚利桑那州立大学的运动学教授丹尼尔·M. 兰德斯最近发表了一篇文章，对有关运动对大脑影响的科学文献进行了综述。他说：“对老年人来说，锻炼计划对维持大脑功能显得非常重要。”
许多研究表明，经常进行体育锻炼的孩子，在学业上比不活动的同学优秀。
但直到最近，人们还是认为因参加体育运动而获得的学业优势来自于增强的自信、更好的心态，以及运动后所带来的集中注意力的能力。
而现在，一些科学家修正了他们的看法，表示这可能与身体状况有关。
另一名专家皮尔斯·J. 霍华德说，新的研究表明，体育锻炼提高了大脑中某些激发神经细胞生长的化学物质的含量。
因此，那些进行锻炼的人的大脑可能更有能力应付各种智力挑战。
不活动对大脑和身体都可能有负面影响。
“科学家们认识到，心即是身，身即是心，”霍华德评价道。他说，最有益的运动能身心兼顾。
新版大学英语综合教程第二版第四册第四课课文翻译 篇10
Come on, admit it -- you like living at breakneckspeed.
Life in the Fast Lane
James Gleick
We are in a rush. We are making haste. Acompression of time characterizes many of ourlives. As time-use researchers look around, they seea rushing and scurrying everywhere. Sometimesculture resembles "one big stomped anthill," sayJohn P. Robinson and Geoffrey Godbey in their bookTime for Life.
Instantaneity rules. Pollsters use electronic devices during political speeches to measureopinions on the wing, before they have been fully formed; fast-food restaurants add expresslanes. Even reading to children is under pressure. The volume One-Minute Bedtime Storiesconsists of traditional stories that can be read by a busy parent in only one minute.
There are places and objects that signify impatience. The door-close button in elevators, sooften a placebo used to distract riders to whom ten seconds seems an eternity. Speed-dialbuttons on telephones. Remote controls, which have caused an acceleration in the pace offilms and television commercials.
Time is a gentle deity, said Sophocles. Perhaps it was, for him. These days it cracks the whip.() We humans have chosen speed, and we thrive on it -- more than we generally admit. Ourability to work and play fast gives us power. It thrills us.
And if haste is the accelerator pedal, multitasking is overdrive. These days it is possible todrive, eat, listen to a book and talk on the phone -- all at once, if you dare. David Feldman, inNew York, schedules his tooth flossing to coincide with his regular browsing of onlinediscussion groups. He has learned to hit PageDown with his pinkie. Mike Holderness, in London, watches TV with captioning so that he can keep the sound off and listen to the unrelated musicof his choice. An entire class of technologies is dedicated to the furtherance of multitasking. Car phones. Bookstands on exercise machines. Waterproof shower radios.
Not so long ago, for most people, listening to the radio was a single task activity. Now it is rarefor a person to listen to the radio and do nothing else.
Even TV has lost its command of our foreground. In so many households the TV just stays on, like a noisy light bulb, while the life of the family passes back and forth in its shimmering glow.
A sense of well-being comes with this saturation of parallel pathways in the brain. We choosemania over boredom every time. "Humans have never, ever opted for slower," points out thehistorian Stephen Kern.
We catch the fever -- and the fever feels good. We live in the buzz. "It has gotten to the pointwhere my days, crammed with all sorts of activities, feel like an Olympic endurance event: theeverydayathon," confesses Jay Walljasper in the Utne Reader.
All humanity has not succumbed equally, of course. If you make haste, you probably make itin the technology-driven world. Sociologists have also found that increasing wealth andincreasing education bring a sense of tension about time. We believe that we possess too littleof it. No wonder Ivan Seidenberg, an American telecommunications executive, jokes about themythical DayDoubler program his customers seem to want: "Using sophisticated time-mapping and compression techniques, DayDoubler gives you access to hours each and everyday. At the higher numbers DayDoubler becomes less stable, and you run the risk of atemporal crash in which everything from the beginning of time to the present could crashdown around you, sucking you into a suspended time zone."
Our culture views time as a thing to hoard and protect. Timesaving is the subject to scores ofbooks with titles like Streamlining Your Life; Take Your Time; More Hours in My Day. Marketersanticipate our desire to save time, and respond with fast ovens, quick playback, quickfreezing and fast credit.
We have all these ways to "save time," but what does that concept really mean? Doestimesaving mean getting more done? If so, does talking on a cellular phone at the beach savetime or waste it? If you can choose between a 30-minute train ride, during which you can read, and a 20-minute drive, during which you cannot, does the drive save ten minutes? Does itmake sense to say that driving saves ten minutes from your travel budget while removing tenminutes from your reading budget?
These questions have no answer. They depend on a concept that is ill formed: the very idea oftimesaving. Some of us say we want to save time when really we just want to do more -- andfaster. It might be simplest to recognise that there is time and we make choices about how tospend it, how to spare it, how to use it and how to fill it.
Time is not a thing we have lost. It is not a thing we ever had. It is what we live in.
创新大学英语4课文翻译
好了，承认吧――你就喜欢忙得团团转。
人在快车道
詹姆斯·格利克
我们东奔西忙。我们急急匆匆。时间紧迫是我们许多人的生活特点。时间利用研究者环顾四周，只见人人忙乱，处处步履匆匆。有时文明就像是“一个被踩瘪的大蚁冢”，约翰·P·鲁宾逊和杰弗里·戈德比在《生活时间》一书中写道。
即时行为主宰着一切。人们发表政治演说时，听众尚未形成看法，民意调查人员就利用电子装置进行当场测定;快餐店增设了快速通道。甚至给孩子念故事也得赶时间。《一分钟临睡前的故事》一书收的都是让忙碌的家长仅用一分钟就能讲完的老故事。
许多场所和物件都表明人们有急躁情绪。电梯里的关门按钮常常起心理安慰作用，好让那些连秒钟都觉得漫长难捱的乘梯人分散注意力。还有电话机的快拨键。还有可使影片和电视广告快速播放的遥控器。
时间之神温雅从容，索福克勒斯如是说。他那时或许如此。当今社会时间扬鞭催人。我们人类选择了速度，凭借着速度而繁荣兴旺――其程度超过人们所普遍承认的那样。我们快节奏工作、娱乐的本领赋予我们力量。我们为此兴奋不已。
如果匆忙是加速器的踏板，一心多用就是超速档。如今，完全可能做到边开车边吃东西边听录音书籍边打电话--要是你敢这么做。纽约的大卫·费尔德曼把用洁牙线清洁牙缝安排在日常浏览网上讨论之时。他已经学会用小手指敲击下行键。伦敦的迈克·霍尔德内斯看带字幕的电视节目，这样他就能把音量调低到听不见，好欣赏自己喜欢的与电视节目无关的音乐。有一整套的技术专门用来促进一心多用。如汽车电话。如健身器材上的搁书架。如防水的淋浴间收音机。
不久以前，对大多数人而言，听收音机是一项单一的活动。如今极少有人在听收音机时，别的什么也不干。
就连我们生活中占据重要地位的电视机也失去了控制力。在许多家庭里，电视机就一直开着，如同一个发出噪声的灯泡，人们在其微弱的闪光里日复一日地过着他们的家庭生活。
脑海中充斥的这种种并行不悖的情况带来的是一种幸福感。每次我们都宁可大干一番而不愿厌倦懈怠。“人类从未，也永远不会选择放慢速度，”历史学家斯蒂芬·克恩说。
我们染上了狂热――感觉竟然还不错。我们生活在忙乱中。“程度已经如此严重，我的生活排满了各种各样的活动，感觉就像是在进行奥运会耐力项目比赛：每日马拉松赛，”杰伊·沃加斯泼在《读者》上坦言。
当然，并非人人同染此病。如果你奔忙不停，很可能你是奔忙在由技术所驱动的社会中。社会学家也发现，富裕程度和教育程度的提高带来时间的紧迫感。我们认为自己时间太少。难怪美国一位电信公司经理伊凡·塞登伯格拿子虚乌有、用户们却似乎颇为心仪的"一天变两天"程序开玩笑：“‘一天变两天’运用先进的时间安排、压缩技术，使你天天拥有48小时。时间比较多了，该程序就不很稳定，你会面临时间崩溃的危险，从有时间起到当前所有的一切都会倾倒在你身旁，把你吞入一个暂时不起作用的时区。”
我们的文化把时间看做可囤积、保护之物。省时是众多书籍的主题，如《提高生活效率》、《悠着点》、《我的一天不止24小时》。商人预见到我们一心省时的欲望，于是推出快速烤炉、快速回放装置、快速解冻以及快速贷款作为应对。
我们有那么多“节省时间”的方法，可省时这个概念真正意味着什么呢?省时是否意味着做得更多?如果是这样，那么在海滩用手机通话是节省还是浪费时间?如果你有两个选择：乘坐30分钟火车，其间你可以看书;开车20分钟，其间你不能看书。那开车是否算是省下10分钟?
这些问题并没有答案。它们取决于一个很不明确的概念，即省时这一观念本身。有些人说想节约时间，其实是想多做些事，而且要做得更快。也许，最简单的是要认识到，时间就在这儿，我们可以选择如何花时间，如何节约时间，如何利用时间，如何填补时间。
时间不是我们遗失的东西。时间不是我们曾拥有的东西。我们生活在时间之中。
新版大学英语综合教程第二版第四册第四课课文翻译 篇11
Life Can Be Cruel
There will be people in your life who won't be very nice. They'll tease you because you're different, or for no good reason. They might try to bully you or hurt you.
There's not much you can do about these people except to learn to deal with them, and learn to choose friends who are kind to you, who actually care about you, who make you feel good about yourself. When you find friends like this, hold on to them, treasure them, spend time with them, be kind to them, love them.
There will be times when you are met with disappointment instead of success. Life won't always turn out the way you want. This is just another thing you'll have to learn to deal with. But instead of letting these things get you down, push on. Accept disappointment and learn to persevere, to pursue your dreams despite pitfalls. Learn to turn negatives into positives, and you'll do much better in life.
You will also face heartbreak and abandonment by those you love. I hope you don't have to face this too much, but it happens. Again, not much you can do but to heal, and to move on with your life. Let these pains become stepping stones to better things in life, and learn to use them to make you stronger.
生活会很残酷
你的生活中一定会有并不友好的人。他们耻笑你因为你不同，而在没有更好的理由。他们可能会欺负你或者伤害你。
对这种人你除了学会和其接触无计可施，同时你也要学会择友，选择那些对你友善的，那些真正关心你的，那些令你对自己感到很好的人做朋友。当你寻找到像这样的朋友，就一定要坚守这份友谊，珍惜他们，花些时间和他们在一起，友善的对待他们并爱他们。
有时你会遭遇挫折而非成功。生活并不总会如你所愿。这是另一件你需要学会处理的事情。但你要挺住向前，而不是让这些事让你陷入低谷。接受挫败并学会坚持，不畏风险地追求你的梦想。学会把消极转化为积极，之后你就能做的好得多。
你同样会面临心碎时刻以及你深爱的人的抛弃。我希望你无须经历太多此类事件，但如果不幸发生了，再一次，除了慢慢愈合心中的创伤并继续下去你的生活，你别无选择。让这些痛苦成为你通向更美好生活的垫脚石，并学会利用它们让自己更坚强。
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